Abstract

The current paper presents the authors reports on her training courses in departments of breast surgery at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy; Careggi University, Florence, Italy; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Cancer Institute of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan and Ivo Pitanguy Clinic, Santa Casa da Misericordia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil between 2002-2008.

A special emphasis is laid upon lifestyle, breast cancer incidence, imaging diagnostics, breast conserving therapy-mastectomy ratio, breast reconstruction, sentinel node biopsy and gene profiling in these populations.

Keywords: Breast cancer, European, Asian, North and South American populations, Oncology, breast surgery, Cancer, sentinel node biopsy, breast conservation-mastectomy ratio, gene profiling techniques, plastic surgeons, malignancy, adipose tissue, adipokines, isoflavones-genistein, daidzein, phytoestrogens, isoflavone, Sushi, n-3 fatty acids, heterocyclic amines., epigallocatechin gallate, Mekabu, MDA-MB231, mammary carcinogenesis, HER2-positive breast cancer, polyphenolic compounds, HER2-negative cells, radiotherapy, Mammography, magnetic reso-nance imaging, lobular carcinoma, familial breast cancer, breast prosthe-sis, latissimus dorsi flap, oncoplastic techniques, axillary lymphadenectomy, GENE PROFILING