Abstract

Drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB) is a serious problem compromising both the treatment and control programs. Poor usage of the available anti TB drugs has led to progressive drug resistance-multi drug resistance (MDR), extensively drug-resistance (XDR) and even total drug resistance (TDR). While drug sensitive TB is completely curable, MDR-TB is difficult to treat, XDR and TDR are often fatal. Non availability of new drugs to treat drug resistant cases further complicates the problem. The Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Developments, a non-profit organization with the World Health Organization (WHO) as a partner was formed in February 2000 for the development of new drugs. In the last decade this venture has resulted in several promising new antituberculosis drugs like TMC207 (diaryquinoline), PA-824 (nitroimidazo-oxazine), OPC-67683 (nitroimidazo-oxazole) and SQ 109 (diamine compound). Drug resistance in TB is a man made problem. Therefore, while global efforts towards new drug development must continue it is equally important to have a well defined community approach to prevent the emergence of drug resistance to the existing and newer drugs. The present review article discusses some recent drug patents for the treatment of tuberculosis and the appropriate community approach to prevent and treat drug resistant TB.

Keywords: Newer drugs, clinical- phase 3, preclinical- phase 2, clinical-phase 1 and preclinical, community approach, patent, Drugs, Drug resistance, tuberculosis, multi drug resistance (MDR), XDR, PA-824, nitroimidazo-oxazine, OPC-67683, nitroimidazo-oxazole, SQ 109, diamine compound, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, isonaizid, rifampicin, fluoroquinolone, human immunodeficiency virus, (HIV)-TB, Rifapentine, Moxifloxacin, Nitroimidazole, Rifabutin, MIC, CYP3A, CD4, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, Quinolones, mycobacteria, Ciprofloxacin, CDC, Diaryquinolines, R207910, Oxazolidinones, Nitroimidazoles, SQ109, M. bovis, M. smegmatis, M. avium, PNU-100480, Pyrrole, Calanolides, Azole, Ketolide