Abstract

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition marked by airway inflammation and narrowing, causing recurring symptoms like breathlessness, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. It requires ongoing management through medications and lifestyle adjustments. The use of natural bioactive compounds in asthma management is on the rise. Researchers are increasingly exploring the potential of compounds derived from plants and herbs, such as quercetin, resveratrol, and Boswellia extracts, for their anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties. Compounds like quercetin and resveratrol are known to reduce inflammation by inhibiting enzymes like PDE4 and LOX-5, which play key roles in asthma-related inflammation. They can also modulate immune responses by suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6. Additionally, some compounds, like those found in Boswellia extracts, inhibit NF-κB activation, which further reduces the production of inflammatory mediators. These natural remedies offer a promising avenue for complementing traditional asthma treatments, potentially providing relief from symptoms and reducing the reliance on synthetic medications. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of extensively studied plant-derived phytoconstituents that target cells to regulate inflammatory mediators in asthma. Nevertheless, additional high-quality research is essential to validate the clinical effectiveness of plant-based treatments for asthma.

Keywords: Immunoinflammation, asthma, molecular pathways, bioactive compounds, flavonoids