Abstract

Pyridines/Dihydropyridines is a basic 6-membered organic aza-heterocyclic compound that has garnered the attention of many researchers in recent times. These molecules have been reported with a diverse range of pharmacological activities like anti-coagulant, antileishmanial and anti-trypanosomal, antitubercular agents, anti-microbial, antioxidant, HIV-1 protease inhibitors, anti-cancer, cardiovascular disease, etc. This review article focuses on different protocols for the Hantzsch reaction using acid catalysts, metal catalysts, and no catalysts for the synthesis of pyridine derivatives. The structure-activity relationship in relation to other biological activities of various pyridine-containing drugs and their interaction with different targets (receptors) has also been highlighted to provide a good understanding to researchers for future research on pyridines.

Keywords: Pyridine, dihydropyridine, hantzsch reaction, biological activity, structure activity relationship