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Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine

Author(s): Jyotsna Singh*, Vijay Tripathi, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar, Rajiv Kant and Jonathan A. Lal

DOI: 10.2174/0118756921327160241022074236

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Comparative Study on the Genetic Architecture of Type 2 Diabetes in Indian and Other Ethnic Groups: A Review

Article ID: e18756921327160 Pages: 19

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a condition of metabolism that impacts people worldwide regardless of country, age group, and gender. In addition to a sedentary lifestyle, genetic susceptibility, specifically single nucleotide polymorphisms, is implicated in the emergence and progression of T2DM. This study compares the genetic variants of the Indian population with three other ethnic cohorts: African, European, and Chinese. Based on the literature survey, common and unique Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes were explored in different Populations, including PPARG, TCF7L2, THADA, CDKN2A, IGF2BP2, SLC30A8, HHEX and CDKAL1. Identifying common and specific markers may help in risk prediction and early detection of T2DM. In conclusion, this comparative study of T2DM-susceptible SNPs in Indian and other ethnic groups highlights the complexity and diversity of genetic factors contributing to T2DM. By shedding light on the similarities and disparities in genetic predisposition across populations, this review contributes to the ongoing efforts to develop more effective and tailored approaches for managing and avoiding T2DM in diverse global populations.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, genetics, candidate genes, genome-wide association scan, single nucleotide polymorphism, pandemic.

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