Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): An Overview of Genetic and Metabolic Signaling Mechanisms

Jose   Augusto   Nogueira-Machado; Franscisco      das Chagas Lima e Silva; Fabiana      Rocha-Silva; Nathalia      Gomes
Abstract

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a rare, progressive, and incurable disease. Sporadic (sALS) accounts for ninety percent of ALS cases, while familial ALS (fALS) accounts for around ten percent. Reports have identified over 30 different forms of familial ALS. Multiple types of fALS exhibit comparable symptoms with mutations in different genes and possibly with different predominant metabolic signals. Clinical diagnosis takes into account patient history but not genetic mutations, misfolded proteins, or metabolic signaling. As research on genetics and metabolic pathways advances, it is expected that the intricate complexity of ALS will compound further. Clinicians discuss whether a gene's presence is a cause of the disease or just an association or consequence. They believe that a mutant gene alone is insufficient to diagnose ALS. ALS, often perceived as a single disease, appears to be a complex collection of diseases with similar symptoms. This review highlights gene mutations, metabolic pathways, and muscle-neuron interactions.
Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS, metabolic signaling, genetic biomarkers, neurological implications, mutated ALS genes, muscle-neuron interaction, neurodegenerative diseases.
Graphical Abstract

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Cite As
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): An Overview of Genetic and Metabolic Signaling Mechanisms

Abstract

Graphical Abstract
