Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Author(s): Vibha Kumari* and Meenakshi Bajpai

DOI: 10.2174/0118715230289163240703075629

Formulation and Characterization of Emulgel Lornoxicam Containing Lemon Grass Oil as Penetration Enhancer
  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Introduction: Emulgel dosage form is an advanced form of transdermal drug de-livery. It is a combination of emulsion and gel in a definite ratio. Emulsions are incorporated into the gel with proper mixing. The emulsion present in emulgel can be either oil/water or water/oil, which is thickened by mixing it with a gelling agent.

Material and Methods: On the basis of the solubility of lornoxicam in various oils, a surfac-tant and a co-surfactant were selected for further research. For the preparation of emulgel, the emulsion was prepared with Smix (surfactant and co-surfactant) in a ratio of 1:2. The prepared emulsion was incorporated into different concentrations of carbapol 934 in a 1:1 ratio to make a homogenous emulgel.

Results: The emulgel was inspected visually to see if it had any phase behaviour, spreadabil-ity, or grittiness by applying it to a slide. All formulations were evaluated for pH, physical properties, drug content, spreadability, extrudability, swelling index, viscosity, and centrifu-gation. Franz diffusion cell was used to perform in-vitro release of formulation with the help of egg membrane. Among all formulations, F3 showed 83% release after 6 hours and showed acceptable physical properties like homogeneity, colour, consistency, pH value, spreadability, extrudability, and drug content.

Discussion: Thus, emulgel can be regarded as a more feasible drug delivery system for hy-drophobic drugs (lornoxicam) than the currently marketed formulation. Optimized emulgel formulation consists of a microemulsion of lornoxicam, 1 % of carbopol 934, propylene gly-col, sodium benzoate, lemon grass oil, glycerin, and distilled water. In the in-vitro release studies, pH 7.4 phosphate buffer emulgel formulation (F3) showed 83% after 6 hours. Emulgel was found to be stable under stable conditions.

Conclusion: The emulgel of the poorly water-soluble drug (lornoxicam) was formulated. The components and their optimum ratio for the formulation of microemulsion were obtained by solubility studies and droplet size analysis. Thus, microemulsion can be regarded as a more feasible dose delivery system for lornoxicam than the currently marketed tablet, capsule, and injection formulations. Optimized microemulsion of lornoxicam was incorporated into the gel base. Therefore, it may be concluded that emulgel of lornoxicam can be used as a controlled-release dosage form of the drug for local application in rheumatoid arthritis.

[1]
Yadav, S.K.; Mishra, M.K.; Tiwari, A.; Shukla, A. Emulgel: A new approach for enhanced topical drug delivery. Int. J. Curr. Pharm. Res., 2016, 9(1), 15-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i1.16628]
[2]
Single, V.; Saini, S.; Joshi, B. Emulgel: A new platform for topical drug delivery. Int. J. Pharma Bio Sci., 2012, 3(1), 485-495.
[3]
Ranga, P.M.; Sellakumar, V.; Natarajan, R.; Mohan, K.K. Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of ciprofloxacin-loaded topical emulgel. Int J Pharmaceut Chem Sci, 2012, 1, 237-242.
[4]
Ajazuddin; Alexander, A.; Khichariya, A.; Gupta, S.; Patel, R.J.; Giri, T.K.; Tripathi, D.K. Recent expansions in an emergent novel drug delivery technology: Emulgel. J. Control. Release, 2013, 171(2), 122-132.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.06.030] [PMID: 23831051]
[5]
Panwar, A.S Emulgel: A review. Asian J Pharm Life Sci, 2011, 1(3), 333-343.
[6]
Wang, M; Fang, L Percutaneous absorption of Diclofenac acid and its salts from emulgel. Asian J. Pharmaceut Sci, 2008, 3(3), 131-138.
[7]
Bhatt, P.; Gnanaranjan, G. Emulgel: A novel formulation approach for topical delivery of Hydrophobic drugs. Int Res J Pharm, 2013, 4(2), 12-16.
[8]
Montenegro, L.; Carbone, C.; Condorelli, G.; Drago, R.; Puglisi, G. Effect of oil phase lipophilicity on in vitro drug release from o/w microemulsions with low surfactant content. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 2006, 32(5), 539-548.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639040600599806] [PMID: 16720409]
[9]
Jain, A.; Jain, S.; Vyas, N.; Deveda, P. Development of antifungal emulsion based gel for topical fungal infection. Int J Periodont Restorat Dentist, 2011, 2, 18-23.
[10]
Londhe, V.Y.; Thakkar, V.; Ranade, S.C. Topical delivery of Lornoxicam: Design, evaluation and effect of penetration enhancer. Indo American J Pharmaceut Res, 2013, 2013(3), 3174-3180.
[11]
Khunt, D.M.; Mishra, A.D.; Shah, D.R. Formulation design and development of piroxicam emulgel. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res., 2012, 2012, 1332-1344.
[12]
O'Neil, M.J. The Merck index : An encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals; Merck, Whitehouse Station: United States, 2001.
[13]
DrugBank. 2024. Available From: www.drugbank.com
[14]
Biswal, B.; Karan, N.; Nayak, J.; Joshi, V. Formulation and evaluation of microemulsion based topical hydrogel containing lornoxicam. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci., 2014, 4, 77-84.
[15]
Chaudhary, A.K.; Singh, V.K. Ayurvedic natural excipient: An advance option for modern medicament. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res., 2016, 7, 4743-4755.
[16]
Kumar, D. Emulgel formulation: Novel approach for topical drug delivery system. Int J Pharmaceut Res Sch, 2016, 5, 227-230.
[17]
Naeem, M.; Rahman, N.U.; Khan, J.A.; Sehti, A.; Nawaz, Z. Development and optimization of microemulsion formulation using Box-Behnken design for enhanced transdermal delivery of Lornoxicam. Lat. Am. J. Pharm., 2013, 32(8), 1196-1204.
[18]
Hardenia, A.; Jayronia, S.; Jain, S. Emulgel: An emergent tool in topical drug delivery. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res., 2014, 2014, 1654-1659.