Generic placeholder image

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Author(s): Xin-bo Zhang, Peiyuan Zhao, Yunlan Wang, Ying Zhang, Xuan Lei and Xiao Song*

DOI: 10.2174/0115680266287982240517050139

DownloadDownload PDF Flyer Cite As
Physochlainae Radix: A Review of Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Q-marker Prediction, and Future Directions

Page: [1856 - 1869] Pages: 14

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Explore Articles
About Journal
For Authors
For Editors
For Reviewers

Abstract

Background: Upon the release of the selection results of “Qin Medicine,” numerous Chinese herbal medicines and proprietary Chinese medicines have regained attention. Physochlainae Radix (Huashanshen), a herbal medicine named after Mount Hua, the prominent peak in the Qinling Mountains, has garnered particular interest. Despite this, the impact of Physochlainae Radix and Qin medicines as a whole remains significantly overshadowed by the renown of Mount Hua.

Methods: Search on Using “Physochlainae Radix” as the keyword; searches were conducted across China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, WIP Database, PubMed, Web of Science, and the National Library of China databases.

Results: This study presents an overview of Physochlainae Radix by reviewing its history, chemical composition, preparation methods, planting and cultivation practices, concoctions, alkaloid detection, contraindications for use, resource recycling, and predicting quality markers.

Conclusion: To facilitate the further application and development of Physochlainae Radix, this study also addresses the challenges in the development of Qin medicines and proposes potential solutions.

Keywords: Qin medicine, Physochlainae Radix, Q-marker prediction, History, Character, Phytochemistry, Extraction, Processing.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Hu, B.; Liang, P.; Yang, B. Overview of modern research on “Qin medicine”. Chin. Herb. Med., 2018, 49(21), 4949-4959.
[2]
Zhao, S. Study on the chemical composition and safety standards of Huashan ginseng. Thesis Dissertation; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2011.
[3]
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, 1977 edition. Part I. 1977. Available from: https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=14952337384&cm_sp=SEARCHREC-_-WIDGET-L-_-BDP-H&searchurl=an%3Dren%2Bmin%2Bwei%2Bsheng%2Bdian%26ds%3D10%26sortby%3D17
[4]
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, 1985 edition. Part I. 1985. Available from: https://typeset.io/topics/pharmacopoeia-of-the-people-s-republic-of-china-38q12lzt
[5]
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, 1990 edition. Part I. 1990. Available from: https://search.lib.uiowa.edu/primo-explore/fulldisplay/01IOWA_ALMA21406861200002771/01IOWA
[6]
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, 1995 edition. Part I. 1995. Available from: https://www.chinascientificbooks.com/pharmacopoeia-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china-english-edition-1997-vol2-p-3743/
[7]
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, 2010 edition. Part I. 2010. Available from: https://www.tiprpress.com/chmen/article/abstract/CHM-2
[8]
Wisheng, J.X.; Hao, L.; Liu, S. A study on the identification of flat Chinese medicines based on Raman spectroscopy. Chin. Moder. Trad. Med., 2022, 24(12), 2364-2370.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13313/j.issn.1673-4890.20220418005]
[9]
Senmiao, Z.H.A.O.; Guixin, J.I.A.N.G.; Zhengtao, W.A.N.G. Studies on the chemical composition of Huashan ginseng. Chin. Herb. Med., 2013, 44(08), 938-941.
[10]
Songwu, L.I.; Weixia, Q.I.N.G.; Wenling, W.A.N.G.; Xiuhua, L.I.U. Analysis of the chemical composition of volatile oil of Huashan ginseng. J. Hunan Univ., 2005, (03), 34-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15991/j.cnki.411100.2005.03.010]
[11]
Lou, Y.; Xu, R.; Zhang, L. Two new amide compounds in Huashan ginseng. Chin. Herb. Med., 2021, 52(02), 331-334.
[12]
Dan, L.I.; Guolian, L.E.I.; Yonggang, Y.A.N.; Fangjun, L.U.O. Experimental study on the acute toxicity of Huashan ginseng in raw and shelled products. Proceedings of the First National Academic Conference on Traditional Chinese Medicine Commodity, 2008, p. 4.
[13]
Ma, X.; Wei, W. Processing and preparation of Huashan ginseng. Shaanxi Med. J., 1976, (01), 69.
[14]
Dai, X-P.; Song, H-M. Determination of scopoletin in the Middle East of Huashanshen. Moder. Chin. Med. Res. Pract., 2012, 26(05), 66-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13728/j.1673-6427.2012.05.024]
[15]
Songwu, L.I.; Yong, W.A.N.G.; Fangting, J.I.A.N.G. Extraction of total scopolamine lactone from Huashan ginseng and its determination by HPLC. Chin. Herb. Med., 2005, (08), 667-668.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.2005.08.015]
[16]
Caixia, L.I.U.; Yaxu, H.U.; Ningning, L.I. Separation and preparation of scopoletin lactone from Scoparia orientalis in Huashan ginseng by high-speed countercurrent chromatography. Chem. Res., 2009, 20(02), 101-103.
[17]
Jun, Z.; Chen, Z.; Yang, Z. Determination of scopolamine, atropine and scopolamine lactone in Chinese ginseng drops by HPLC. J. Pharm. Anal., 2012, 32(05), 892-894+918.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.16155/j.0254-1793.2012.05.030]
[18]
Yu, C. Simultaneous determination of scopolamine,scopolamine and atropine in Huashan ginseng by HPLC. Pharmaceut. Res., 2015, 34(04), 209-211.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13506/j.cnki.jpr.2015.04.008]
[19]
Yohannes, A.; Zhang, B.; Dong, B.; Yao, S.; Brendan, M. Ultrasonic extraction of tropane alkaloids from Radix physochlainae using as extractant an ionic liquid with similar structure. Molecules, 2019, 24(16), 2897.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162897] [PMID: 31404959]
[20]
Dong, L.; Zhang, Y.; Li, R. etc. simultaneous determination of three active constituents in huashan shen dropping pills by RP-HPLC. Chin. J. Pharm., 2011, 46(05), 385-387.
[21]
Zhou, M.; Ma, X.; Sun, J. Active fragments-guided drug discovery and design of selective tropane alkaloids using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry coupled with virtual calculation and biological evaluation. Anal Bioanal Chem., 2017, 409(4), 1145-1157.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-0043-6]
[22]
Hui, K.A.N.G.; Guihua, N.i.e.; Xueping, D.A.I. Determination of scopolamine in Huashan ginseng by HPLC. Res. Trad. Chin. Med., 2010, 23(10), 33-35.
[23]
Lou, Y.; Nie, G.; Li, Z. Determination of scopoletin lactone in the Middle East of Huashanshen. J. Pharm. Anal., 2011, 31(06), 1137-1139.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.16155/j.0254-1793.2011.06.010]
[24]
Yuanyuan, H.O.U.; Ruojie, L.I.; Jiamin, P.E.N.G. Simultaneous determination of atropine, scopolamine and scopolamine in Huashan ginseng Drops by HPLC-MS/MS. J. Nank. Uni., 2010, 43(04), 29-35.
[25]
Yong, L.I.U. Study on the preparation process of intermediates of Huashanshen total alkaloids in dry powder inhaler. Thesis Dissertation; Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2007.
[26]
Yong, W.A.N.G.; Weixia, Q.I.N.G.; Songwu, L.I. Determination of total scopolamine lactone in Huashan ginseng by thin-layer scanning method. Zhongn. Pharmacol., 2005, (05), 274-276.
[27]
Xiao, H. Treatment of cough and asthma by Huashanshen drip pill. Open Book, 2011, 263(05), 38-39.
[28]
Zhou, M. The use of Huashan ginseng drops to treat cough and asthma. Healthy Life, 2012, 290(11), 40-42.
[29]
Dan, L. A preparation method of Huashanshenping asthma dispersant. CN Patent 104491162A, 2015.
[30]
Dan, L.; Yongling, T.; Jinlei, W.; Mengni, L. A preparation method of Huashanshen Pingqi oral liquid. CN Patent 104383108A, 2015.
[31]
Liu, D; Tong, YL; Wang, JL; Liu, MN A preparation method of Huashan ginseng oral liquid. CN Patent 104491160A, 2015.
[32]
Bi, H. Application of Huashan ginseng extract in the preparation of drugs for the prevention and treatment of myopia. CN Patent 111358855A, 2020.
[33]
Cui, N. Research on the mechanism of action of Huashanshen drip pill on asthma. 2020,
[http://dx.doi.org/10.27359/d.cnki.gtqgu.2020.000419]
[34]
Pan, W.A.N.G.; Shuizhu, G.U.O.; Yihan, H.A.N.; Yong, L.O.U.; Ruizhu, X.U.; Zhenqiang, Z.H.A.N.G.; Jun, L.I.; Liping, Z.H.A.N.G. Study on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Huashan ginseng. Chin. Moder. Trad. Med., 2023, 25(05), 1020-1025.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13313/j.issn.1673-4890.20221104008]
[35]
Xiaoyan, S.; Xiaofang, X.; Hao, S. Ideas and strategies for safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine application during pregnancy. Med. Herald, 2020, 2020.
[36]
Huinan, Y.U.A.N.; De Liao, T.A.N. Adverse reactions caused by folk remedies. J. Basic Clin. Med., 1992, (02), 43-45.
[37]
Hao, Y.; Liping, Z.; Conglong, L.; Kaihua, G.; Jun, L.; Jingfan, Y.; Lili, W.; Sui-Qing, C. Establishment of plant tissue culture and regeneration system of Huashan ginseng. Molecul. Plant Breed,
[38]
Depo, Y.A.N.G.; Mingzhe, Z.H.A.N.G. Eco-biological characteristics and cultivation points of four wild rare herbs in Fuyao Mountain, Henan Province. Chin. Mater. Medica, 1999, (12), 613-614.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.1999.12.002]
[39]
Xiaofeng, C.O.N.G.; Hao, C.H.E.N.; Dan, L.I. Habitat survey and analysis of wild Huashan ginseng. J. Agron., 2023, 13(06), 65-69.
[40]
He, A.; Yohannes, A.; Feng, X.T.; Yao, S. Processing of waste material of radix physochlainae for preparation of fine chemicals after extraction. IOP Conf. Series Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, 170(1), 012034.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/170/1/012034]
[41]
Jia, W.U.; Ji, Z.H.A.N.G.; Yao, N.A.N.; Qinghua, Z.H.A.N.G.; Huijing, A.N.; Lidong, Z.H.O.U. Qualitative identification of ginseng and its four common forgeries by HPLC. Wood Sci. Technol., 2011, 13(03), 533-536.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3849.2011.03.018]