Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian yolk sac tumor (OYST) during pregnancy is rare and usually missed. There are few PET/CT studies on OYST in the literature. We reported a case of OYST detected by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in a woman after induction of labor.

Case Presentation: A 19-year-old woman after induction of labor because of severe malformation presented with abdominopelvic mass, laboratory tests revealed significantly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and elevated carbohydrate antigen 125 level. Abdomino-pelvic CT showed a cysticsolid mass of 82×152×167mm arising from the right ovary with abundant intratumoral vessels and intense enhancement in the solid part. Further evaluation of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed significantly increased ¹⁸FDG uptake (SUVmax7.7) by the solid component of the ovarian mass and slight ¹⁸FDG-avid perihepatic effusion. The mass was resected and was confirmed to be the right OYST, After four courses of chemotherapy, the patient was followed up by PET/CT and had a complete metabolic response.

Discussion: ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is a useful imaging modality for diagnosis and evaluation of OYST.