Abstract
Campylobacteriosis is a foodborne disease caused by Campylobacter, which is one of
the leading causative agents of bacterial gastrointestinal diseases in developed and developing
countries. According to WHO, Campylobacter species infects a hundred million people yearly.
The bacterium is thermotolerant, cytochrome oxidase-positive, spiral-shaped, gram-negative,
and microaerophilic, by exhibiting corkscrew motility it passes through the intestines of animals
and birds. It is generally transmitted through the consumption of contaminated food associated
with animal and their products. The main infectious species include C. coli, C. jejuni, C. fetus
and C. upsaliensis. Infection symptoms can be mild to serious depending upon the patient's age
and in some cases can lead to permanent neurological disorders. Detection of Campylobacter in
food, clinical and environmental samples is accomplished with the help of combinatorial usage
of selective enrichment and culture methods. Currently, there is no sole viable approach for infection
management because of resistance emergence. In this review article, we discuss Campylobacter
epidemiology, pathogenicity, various diagnostic methods and treatment of Campylobacteriosis.
Keywords:
Campylobacter, pathogenicity, gastroenteritis, epidemiology, fouelborne disease, domestic animals.
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