The Gut Microbiota and Major Depressive Disorder: Current
Understanding and Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Mohaddeseh      Bahmani; Saba      Mehrtabar; Ali      Jafarizadeh; Sevda      Zoghi; Fatemah   Sadeghpour   Heravi; Amin      Abbasi; Sarvin      Sanaie; Sama      Rahnemayan; Hamed   Ebrahimzadeh   Leylabadlo
Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common neuropsychiatric challenge that primarily targets young females. MDD as a global disorder has a multifactorial etiology related to the environment and genetic background. A balanced gut microbiota is one of the most important environmental factors involved in human physiological health. The interaction of gut microbiota components and metabolic products with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system and immune mediators can reverse depression phenotypes in vulnerable individuals. Therefore, abnormalities in the quantitative and qualitative structure of the gut microbiota may lead to the progression of MDD. In this review, we have presented an overview of the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota and MDD, and the effect of pre-treatments and microbiomebased approaches, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and a new generation of microbial alternatives, on the improvement of unstable clinical conditions caused by MDD.
Graphical Abstract

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Cite As
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

The Gut Microbiota and Major Depressive Disorder: Current Understanding and Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Abstract

Graphical Abstract
