Abstract
Background: Several investigations have demonstrated that vitamins can treat or prevent
cancer by altering actin filaments and inhibiting cell migration and proliferation. Vitamins D and E
are fat-soluble. This research aims to determine the short-term impact of vitamin D and E on the mechanical
properties of breast cancer cells before comparing them with normal breast cells.
Methods: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine the deformation of MCF-10 normal
breast cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with 0.03 μM vitamin
D and 16 μM vitamin E solutions. Young's modulus was calculated employing the Hertz model to
determine cell stiffness.
Results: The Young's modulus of vitamin D-treated cancer cells (585.8 Pa) was substantially similar
to that of normal cells (455.6 Pa). Nevertheless, vitamin E treatment did not affect Young's modulus
of cancer cells, which remained remarkably similar to that of untreated cancer cells (216.6 and 203.4
Pa, respectively).
Conclusion: Unlike vitamin E, vitamin D enhances the stiffness of tumor cells and makes their mechanical
properties similar to normal cells by interfering with actin filaments and cell skeletons,
which may inhibit tumor cell migration. Based on these findings, vitamin D appears to be an effective
drug for cancer treatment.
Keywords:
Breast cancer, vitamin D, vitamin E, elasticity, epithelial cell, cell mechanics.
Graphical Abstract
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and
Hossein Sahbafar
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