Abstract

Introduction: Simulation of cadmium telluride (CdTe)-based solar cells (CdTe/C₂N/SnO₂) using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1D (SCAPS-1D) has been presented in this article.

Method: C₂N was introduced as a buffer layer, SnO₂ was introduced as a window layer, and CdTe was introduced as an absorber layer.

Result: The impact of the thickness of the CdTe, SnO₂, and C₂N layers, the defect density and carrier concentration of the CdTe layer, and the impact of ambient temperature were analyzed.

Conclusion: The optimized solar cell demonstrated a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.41% with an open circuit voltage (V_OC) of 1.07 V, a short circuit current density (J_SC) of 23.59 mA/cm², and an FF of 88.51%, indicating huge promise in low-cost solar energy harvesting.

Keywords: CdTe, C₂N, SnO₂, solar cell, simulation, SCAPS-1D.