Kheirandish M, Mahboobi H, Yazdanparast M, Kamal W, Kamal MA. Anti-cancer effects of metformin: recent evidences for its role in prevention and treatment of cancer. Curr Drug Metab 2018; 19(9): 793-7. [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200219666180416161846] [PMID: 29663879]
Schäfer G. Site-specific uncoupling and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by biguanides. II. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 1969; 172(2): 334-7. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(69)90077-2] [PMID: 4304727]
[6]
Foretz M, Guigas B, Viollet B. Understanding the glucoregulatory mechanisms of metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019; 15(10): 569-89. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0242-2] [PMID: 31439934]
El-Mir MY, Nogueira V, Fontaine E, Avéret N, Rigoulet M, Leverve X. Dimethylbiguanide inhibits cell respiration via an indirect effect targeted on the respiratory chain complex I. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(1): 223-8. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.1.223] [PMID: 10617608]
[10]
Owen MR, Doran E, Halestrap AP. Evidence that metformin exerts its anti-diabetic effects through inhibition of complex 1 of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Biochem J 2000; 348(3): 607-14. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3480607] [PMID: 10839993]
[11]
Kemp BE, Mitchelhill KI, Stapleton D, Michell BJ, Chen ZP, Witters LA. Dealing with energy demand: The AMP-activated protein kinase. Trends Biochem Sci 1999; 24(1): 22-5. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01340-1] [PMID: 10087918]
[12]
Zhou G, Myers R, Li Y, et al. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action. J Clin Invest 2001; 108(8): 1167-74. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI13505] [PMID: 11602624 ]
[13]
Detaille D, Guigas B, Chauvin C, et al. Metformin prevents high-glucose-induced endothelial cell death through a mitochondrial permeability transition-dependent process. Diabetes 2005; 54(7): 2179-87. [http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.7.2179] [PMID: 15983220]
[14]
Stephenne X, Foretz M, Taleux N, et al. Metformin activates AMP-activated protein kinase in primary human hepatocytes by decreasing cellular energy status. Diabetologia 2011; 54(12): 3101-10. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2311-5] [PMID: 21947382]