Abstract

DNA mutation is the major cause of gene evolution. The variation of DNA sequence may result in genetic diseases, genotypes, single nucleotide polymorphism, and drug resistance of pathogens. Using biochip technologies, detection of mutations can be performed in parallel under identical conditions, hereby providing a solution to continuously increasing demands for large-scale genetic analysis. This article reviews the development of the biochips for mutation analysis. Features, limitations and applications of various principles are discussed.

Keywords: DNA mutations, Genetic diseases, Drug resistance, Biochip, Detection