Generic placeholder image

Current Traditional Medicine

Author(s): Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi*, Tunbi D. Ojo and Oyetunde T. Oyeyemi

DOI: 10.2174/2215083808666220921163011

DownloadDownload PDF Flyer Cite As
Hoslundia opposita Vahl. - A Promising Source of Bioactive Compounds against Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

Article ID: e210922209033 Pages: 14

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Explore Articles
About Journal
For Authors
For Editors
For Reviewers

Abstract

Hoslundia opposita is an aromatic plant of the family Lamiaceae and the only member of the Hoslundia genus. It is used traditionally for treating HIV/AIDs related diseases, Breast cancer, gonorrhea, syphilis, appendicitis, epilepsy and convulsion, malaria, etc. A review of relevant literature on biology, folkloric uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology were done. The electronic databases searched included Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley and Springer. Sixteen bioactive compounds have been isolated from the plants, namely; 3-O-benzoylhosloppone, 3-Ocinnamoylhosloppone, 3-O-benzoylhinokiol, 3-O-benzoylhosloquine, Euscaphic acid, 5,7- dimethoxy6-methylflavone, Hoslunddiol, Oppositin, 5-O-methylhoslundin, Tectochrysin, Hoslundin, Hoslunfuranine, 5-O-methylhoslunfuranine, Hosloppin, Hoslundal and Ursolic acid. The plant, with its phytochemicals, has shown various pharmacological effects such as antimalarial, antidiabetes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. This review presented scientific findings on the therapeutic potential of Hoslundia opposita against several infectious and non-infectious diseases. There is a need for further investigation of the mechanism underlying the therapeutic potential of this plant against various diseases. There is also a need for clinical trials which will validate its efficacy and safety.

Keywords: Hoslundia opposita, traditional uses, pharmacological effects, phytochemistry, triterpenoids, neuroprotective effect.

[1]
Chagonda LS, Chalchat JC. The essential oil of wild and cultivated Hoslundia opposita Vahl. from Zimbabwe. Flavour Fragrance J 2005; 20(2): 193-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1402]
[2]
Prakash S, Van Staden J. Micropropagation of Hoslundia opposita Vahl - a valuable medicinal plant. S Afr J Bot 2007; 73(1): 60-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2006.07.001]
[3]
Welcome AK, Van Wyk BE. An inventory and analysis of the food plants of Southern Africa. S Afr J Bot 2019; 122: 136-79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.11.003]
[4]
Ojelel S, Kakudidi EK. Wild edible plant species utilized by a subsistence farming community in Obalanga sub-county, Amuria district, Uganda. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2015; 11(1): 7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-11-7] [PMID: 25971428]
[5]
Abubakar IB, Ukwuani-Kwaja AN, Olayiwola FS, et al. An inventory of medicinal plants used for treatment of cancer in Kwara and Lagos state, Nigeria. Eur J Integr Med 2020; 34: 101062.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101062]
[6]
Agyare C, Asase A, Lechtenberg M, Niehues M, Deters A, Hensel A. An ethnopharmacological survey and in vitro confirmation of ethnopharmacological use of medicinal plants used for wound healing in Bosomtwi-Atwima-Kwanwoma area. Ghana J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 125(3): 393-403.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.024] [PMID: 19635544]
[7]
Akolade JO, Usman LA, Okereke OE, Muhammad NO. Antidiabetic potentials of essential oil extracted from the leaves of Hoslundia opposita Vahl. J Med Food 2014; 17(10): 1122-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2013.0118] [PMID: 25137031]
[8]
Moshi MJ, Kagashe GAB, Mbwambo ZH. Plants used to treat epilepsy by Tanzanian traditional healers. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 97(2): 327-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.11.015] [PMID: 15707773]
[9]
Nicholas KK, Ogutu PA, Mutai C, Jeruto P. Ethnobotanical study of selected medicinal plants used against bacterial infections in Nandi county, Kenya. J Med Plants Stud 2019; 7: 103-8.
[10]
Ogbole OO, Segun PA, Adeniji AJ. In vitro cytotoxic activity of medicinal plants from Nigeria ethnomedicine on Rhabdomyosarcoma cancer cell line and HPLC analysis of active extracts. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17(1): 494.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-2005-8] [PMID: 29166892]
[11]
Risa J, Risa A, Adsersen A, et al. Screening of plants used in southern Africa for epilepsy and convulsions in the GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor assay. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 93(2-3): 177-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.01.021] [PMID: 15234751]
[12]
Tabuti JRS, Kukunda CB, Waako PJ. Medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners in the treatment of tuberculosis and related ailments in Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 127(1): 130-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.035] [PMID: 19799983]
[13]
Olajide OA, Awe SO, Makinde JM. Central nervous system depressant effect of Hoslundia opposita Vahl. Phytother Res 1999; 13(5): 425-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199908/09)13:5<425::AID-PTR466>3.0.CO;2-1] [PMID: 10441785]
[14]
Akolade JO, Muhammad NO, Usman L, Owolarafe TA, Oloyede OB. Antidyslipidemic effect of leaf essential oil of Hoslundia opposita HAhl. in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Int J Trop Med Public Heal 2011; 1: 6-12.
[15]
Olajide OA, Oladiran OO, Awe SO, Makinde JM. Pharmacological evaluation of Hoslundia opposita extract in rodents. Phytother Res 1998; 12(5): 364-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199808)12:5<364::AID-PTR292>3.0.CO;2-N]
[16]
Ménan H, Banzouzi JT, Hocquette A, et al. Antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of plants used in West African traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 105(1-2): 131-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.10.027] [PMID: 16368205]
[17]
Lacroix D, Prado S, Kamoga D, et al. Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of medicinal plants traditionally used in the village of Kiohima, Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 133(2): 850-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.013] [PMID: 21075191]
[18]
Godfrey E, Chauka L, Chacha M. Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activity of selected Pare folk medicinal plants. Spat DD - Peer Rev J Complement Med Drug Discov 2015; 5: 207.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/spatula.20160418065130]
[19]
Agbelusi GA, Odukoya OA, Otegbeye AF. In vitro screening of chewing stick extracts and sap on oral pathogens: Immune compromised infections. Biotechnology (Faisalabad) 2006; 6(1): 97-100.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/biotech.2007.97.100]
[20]
Ojo OO, Anibijuwon III. Studies on extracts of three medicinal plants of south-western Nigeria: Hoslundia opposita, Lantana camara and Cymbopogon citratus. Adv Nat Appl Sci 2010; 4: 93-8.
[21]
Babarinde SA, Akinyemi AO, Usman LA, et al. Toxicity and repellency of Hoslundia opposita Vahl (Lamiaceae) leaves’ essential oil against rust-red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Nat Prod Res 2014; 28(6): 365-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2013.866115] [PMID: 24422945]
[22]
Babarinde SA, Pitan OOR, Ajala MO, Olatunde GO. Insectifugal and insecticidal potentials of two tropical botanical essential oils against cowpea seed bruchid. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24(24): 19785-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9589-x] [PMID: 28685336]
[23]
Babarinde . et al SA, Olaniran OA, Usman LA, Esan EO, Afolabi A, Sanmori O. Comparative sensitivity of maize weevil to essential oil of Hoslundia opposita Vahl leaves subjected to different drying regimes. Acta Fytotech Zootech 2017; 20(3): 54-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2017.20.03.54-59]
[24]
Babarinde SA, Olutoyin O, Pitan R. Preliminary screening of selected tropical botanicals as cowpea protectants against cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus fabricius (Coleoptrea: Chrysomelidae: Bruchineae). Mun Ent Zool 2019; 14: 389-94.
[25]
Fleischer TC, Mensah MLK, Dickson RA. Medicinal and aromatic plants of Ghana. ACS Symposium Series. 2009; pp. 241-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1021.ch014]
[26]
Dorman HJD, Peltoketo A, Hiltunen R, Tikkanen MJ. Characterisation of the antioxidant properties of de-odourised aqueous extracts from selected Lamiaceae herbs. Food Chem 2003; 83(2): 255-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00088-8]
[27]
Ngadjui BT, Tsopmo A, Ayafor JF, Connolly JD, Tamboue H. Hosloppin, a new pyrone-substituted flavonoid from Hoslundia opposita. J Nat Prod 1995; 58(1): 109-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50115a014]
[28]
Salame R, Cheikh-Ali Z, Bories C, Adiko M, Poupon E, Champy P. Pyrone and unusually furanone-substituted flavones from the leaves of Hoslundia opposita. Planta Med 2012; 78(16): 1777-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1315256] [PMID: 22948611]
[29]
Mujovo SF, Hussein AA, Meyer JJM, Fourie B, Muthivhi T, Lall N. Bioactive compounds from Lippia javanica and Hoslundia opposita. Nat Prod Res 2008; 22(12): 1047-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786410802250037] [PMID: 18780245]
[30]
Venkateshappa S, Screenath K. Potential medicinal plants of Lamiaceae. J Res Formal, Appl. Nat Sci 2013; 13: 82-7.
[31]
Kansole MRM, Adama H, Jeanne M, Odile N. Ethnobotany and ethnopharmacognosy of Lamiaceae species from Central Burkina Faso: Leucas martinicensis (Jacquin) R. Brown, Hoslundia opposita Vahl and Orthosiphon pallidus Royle Ex Benth. Am J Ethnomedicine 2015; 2: 219-32.
[32]
Weenen H, Nkunya M, Bray D, Mwasumbi L, Kinabo L, Kilimali V. Antimalarial activity of Tanzanian medicinal plants. Planta Med 1990; 56(4): 368-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960984] [PMID: 2236289]
[33]
Muhammad NO, Akolade JO, Usman LA, Oloyede OB. Haematological parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with leaf essential oil of Hoslundia opposita (Vahl). EXCLI J 2012; 11: 670-6.
[PMID: 27231470]
[34]
Ndjonka D, Agyare C, Lüersen K, Hensel A, Liebau E. In vitro anti-leishmanial activity of traditional medicinal plants from Cameroon and Ghana. Int J Pharmacol 2010; 6(6): 863-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2010.863.871]
[35]
Iwu MI. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. (2nd ed.), Boca Raton: CRC Press 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16292]
[36]
Sidio S, Wangny A, Angaman K, N’guessan K. Ethnomedical inventory of antiulcer plants used by the tradipraticians of Yopohué sub-prefecture in central-western Côte d’Ivoire. J Med Plants Stud 2021; 9: 129-35.
[37]
Stangeland T, Alele PE, Katuura E, Lye KA. Plants used to treat malaria in Nyakayojo sub-county, western Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 137(1): 154-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.002] [PMID: 21575702]
[38]
Chinsembu KC. Ethnobotanical study of plants used in the management of HIV/AIDS-related diseases in Livingstone, Southern Province, Zambia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2016; 2016: 1-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4238625] [PMID: 27069489]
[39]
Gathirwa JW, Rukunga GM, Mwitari PG, et al. Traditional herbal antimalarial therapy in Kilifi district, Kenya. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 134(2): 434-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.043] [PMID: 21211554]
[40]
Ssegawa P, Kasenene JM. Medicinal plant diversity and uses in the Sango bay area, Southern Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 113(3): 521-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.07.014] [PMID: 17720338]
[41]
Oyeyemi IT, Akinseye KM, Adebayo SS, Oyetunji MT, Oyeyemi OT. Ethnobotanical survey of the plants used for the management of malaria in Ondo State, Nigeria. S Afr J Bot 2019; 124: 391-401.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.06.003]
[42]
Anywar G, Kakudidi E, Byamukama R, Mukonzo J, Schubert A, Oryem-Origa H. Indigenous traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by herbalists in treating opportunistic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 246: 112205.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112205] [PMID: 31476442]
[43]
Kyazike E. Exploring the preference for indigenous medicinal plant medicine in Buliisa District, Western Uganda. Inkanyiso J Humanit Soc Sci 2021; 13: 77-105.
[44]
Koné WM, Koffi AG, Bomisso EL, Tra Bi FH. Ethnomedical study and iron content of some medicinal herbs used in traditional medicine in Cote d’Ivoire for the treatment of anaemia. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2011; 9(1): 81-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v9i1.12] [PMID: 23983324]
[45]
Akinwumi IA, Sonibare MA. Use of medicinal plants for the treatment of gastric ulcer in some parts of Southwestern Nigeria. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 13: 223-35.
[46]
Pesewu GA, Cutler RR, Humber DP. Antibacterial activity of plants used in traditional medicines of Ghana with particular reference to MRSA. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 116(1): 102-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.11.005] [PMID: 18096337]
[47]
Okach DO, Nyunja AR, Opande G. Phytochemical screening of some wild plants from Lamiaceae and their role in traditional medicine in Uriri District - Kenya. Int J Herb Med 2013; 1: 135-43.
[48]
Tugume P, Nambejja C, Nyakoojo C, Kamatenesi-Mugisha M, Kamatenesi-Mugisha M. Medicinal plant species used in the treatment of skin diseases in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District, Uganda. Ethnobot Res Appl 2019; 18: 1-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/era.18.20.1-17]
[49]
Mutie FM, Gao LL, Kathambi V, et al. An ethnobotanical survey of a dryland botanical garden and its environs in Kenya: The mutomo hill plant sanctuary. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020: 1-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1543831] [PMID: 32256635]
[50]
Watt JM, Breyer-Brandwijk MG. The medicinal and poisonous plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. Edinburgh: Livingstone 1962.
[51]
Nabukenya I, Rubaire-Akiiki C, Olila D, Ikwap K, Höglund J. Ethnopharmacological practices by livestock farmers in Uganda: Survey experiences from Mpigi and Gulu districts. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2014; 10(1): 9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-9] [PMID: 24467812]
[52]
Tugume P, Kakudidi EK, Buyinza M, et al. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant species used by communities around Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2016; 12(1): 5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0077-4] [PMID: 26762159]
[53]
Cosimi S, Rossi E, Cioni PL, Canale A. Bioactivity and qualitative analysis of some essential oils from Mediterranean plants against stored-product pests: Evaluation of repellency against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Tenebrio molitor (L.). J Stored Prod Res 2009; 45(2): 125-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2008.10.002]
[54]
Allabi AC, Busia K, Ekanmian V, Bakiono F. The use of medicinal plants in self-care in the Agonlin region of Benin. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 133(1): 234-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.09.028] [PMID: 20932887]
[55]
Woldeab B, Regassa R, Alemu T, Megersa M. Medicinal plants used for treatment of diarrhoeal related diseases in Ethiopia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018: 1-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4630371] [PMID: 29743923]
[56]
Malan DF, Neuba DFR, Kouakou KL. Medicinal plants and traditional healing practices in ehotile people, around the aby lagoon (eastern littoral of Côte d’Ivoire). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2015; 11(1): 21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0004-8] [PMID: 25888765]
[57]
Kamatenesi MM, Acipa A, Oryem-Origa H. Medicinal plants of Otwal and Ngai Sub Counties in Oyam District, Northern Uganda. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2011; 7(1): 7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-7-7] [PMID: 21241484]
[58]
Anywar G, van’t Klooster CIEA, Byamukama R, et al. Medicinal plants used in the treatment and prevention of Malaria in Cegere Sub-County, Northern Uganda. Ethnobot Res Appl 2016; 14: 505-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/era.14.0.505-516]
[59]
Asase A, Hesse DN, Simmonds MSJ. Uses of multiple plants prescriptions for treatment of malaria by some communities in southern Ghana. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 144(2): 448-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.09.028] [PMID: 23022690]
[60]
Appiah K, Oppong C, Mardani H, et al. Medicinal plants used in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality, Southern Ghana: An ethnobotanical study. Medicines (Basel) 2018; 6(1): 1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines6010001] [PMID: 30577439]
[61]
Kareru PG, Kenji GM, Gachanja AN, Keriko JM, Keriko JM, Mungai G. Traditional medicines among the Embu and Mbeere people of Kenya. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2007; 4(1): 75-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v4i1.31193] [PMID: 20162075]
[62]
Carson CF, Mee BJ, Riley TV. Mechanism of action of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil on Staphylococcus aureus determined by time-kill, lysis, leakage, and salt tolerance assays and electron microscopy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46(6): 1914-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.46.6.1914-1920.2002] [PMID: 12019108]
[63]
Auerbach BJ, Reynolds SJ, Lamorde M, et al. Traditional herbal medicine use associated with liver fibrosis in rural Rakai, Uganda. PLoS One 2012; 7(11): e41737.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041737] [PMID: 23209545]
[64]
Sharaibi OJ, Ogundipe OT, Afolayan AJ, Aworinde DO. Ethnobotanical survey and phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants used for the treatment of hyperprolactinemia in Lagos State, Nigeria. J Med Plants Res 2014; 8: 1284-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2014.5501]
[65]
Gumisiriza H, Birungi G, Olet EA, Sesaazi CD. Medicinal plant species used by local communities around Queen Elizabeth National Park, Maramagambo Central Forest Reserve and Ihimbo Central Forest Reserve, South western Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239: 111926.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111926] [PMID: 31067488]
[66]
Aworinde DO, Erinoso SM. Ethnobotanical investigation of indigenous plants used in the management of some infant illnesses in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2015; 12(1): 9-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v12i1.2]
[67]
Moustapha K, Karim T, Offianan T, et al. Assessment of antiplasmodial and anti-anaemic activities of Hoslundia opposita, an Ivorian medicinal plant. J Adv Microbiol 2018; 11(1): 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/JAMB/2018/41897]
[68]
Muchuweti M, Nyamukonda L, Chagonda LS, Ndhlala AR, Mupure C, Benhura M. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in selected medicinal plants of Zimbabwe. Int J Food Sci 2006; 41(S1): 33-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01258.x]
[69]
Koffi A, Bla K. Phytochemical screening of some medicinal plants in Côte D’ivoire and evaluation of their extraction efficiency. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem Res 2015; 7: 563-9.
[70]
Edewor TI, Ogundola AF, Akintola AO, et al. Phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity of leaf of Hoslundia opposita vahl and docking of its phytochemical components with uropathogenic strain F11(ID:3NRP) and NFeoB from Escherichia coli BL21(ID:5FH9). Asian J Biochem 2021; 8: 18-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2021/v8i430187]
[71]
Ngadjui BT, Ayafor JF, Sondengam BL, Connolly JD, Rycroft DS, Tillequin F. Oppositin and 5-O-methylhoslundin, pyrone-substituted flavonoids of Hoslundia opposita. Phytochemistry 1993; 32(5): 1313-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95112-4]
[72]
Amvam Zollo PH, Biyiti F, Tchoumbougnang C, Menut G, Lamaty G, Bouchet P. Aromatic plants of Tropical Central Africa. Part XXXII. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of thirteen essential oils from aromatic plants of Cameroon. Flavour Fragr J 1998; 13: 107-14.
[73]
Ayedoun MA, Adéoti BS, Setondji J, et al. Aromatic plants of tropical West Africa. XII. Essential oil of Hoslundia opposita Vahl. growing in Benin and Cameroon. Flavour Fragrance J 1999; 14(5): 319-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199909/10)14:5<319::AID-FFJ836>3.0.CO;2-O]
[74]
Tonzibo ZF, Coffy AA, Chalachat JC, N’guessan YT. Chemical composition of essential oils of Hoslundia opposita Vahl. from Ivory Coast. Flavour Fragrance J 2006; 21(5): 789-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1715]
[75]
Ngadjui BT, Ayafor JF, Sondengam BL, Connolly JD, Rycroft DS. Hoslundin, hoslundal, and hoslunddiol: Three new flavonoids from the twigs of Hoslundia opposita (lamiaceae). Tetrahedron 1991; 47(22): 3555-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)80869-3]
[76]
Achenbach H, Waibel R, Nkunya MHH, Weenen H. Antimalarial compounds from Hoslundia opposita. Phytochemistry 1992; 31(11): 3781-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97526-5]
[77]
Annan K, Dickson RA, Komlaga G, Jackson N, Sam GH. Acaricidal effect of an isolate from Hoslundia opposita vahl against Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae). Pharmacognosy Res 2011; 3(3): 185-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.85004] [PMID: 22022167]
[78]
Chen J, Li W-L, Wu J-L, Ren B-R, Zhang H-Q. Euscaphic acid, a new hypoglycemic natural product from Folium Eriobotryae. Pharmazie 2008; 63(10): 765-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1691/ph.2008.8583] [PMID: 18972842]
[79]
Kim IT, Ryu S, Shin JS, Choi JH, Park HJ, Lee KT. Euscaphic acid isolated from roots of Rosa rugosa inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses via TLR4-mediated NF-κB inactivation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113(6): 1936-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.24062] [PMID: 22234926]
[80]
Shadrack DMS, Nyandoro S, Munissi JJE, Mubofu EB. In silico evaluation of anti-malarial agents from Hoslundia opposita as inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Lactate Dehydrogenase (PfLDH) enzyme. Comput Mol Biosci 2016; 06: 23-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/cmb.2016.62002]
[81]
Li J, Guo WJ, Yang QY. Effects of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid on human colon carcinoma cell line HCT15. World J Gastroenterol 2002; 8(3): 493-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v8.i3.493] [PMID: 12046077]
[82]
Baricevic D, Sosa S, Della Loggia R, et al. Topical anti-inflammatory activity of Salvia officinalis L. leaves: The relevance of ursolic acid. J Ethnopharmacol 2001; 75(2-3): 125-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00396-2] [PMID: 11297842]
[83]
Kanjoormana M, Kuttan G. Antiangiogenic activity of ursolic acid. Integr Cancer Ther 2010; 9(2): 224-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735410367647] [PMID: 20462855]
[84]
Raphael TJ, Kuttan G. Effect of naturally occurring triterpenoids glycyrrhizic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and nomilin on the immune system. Phytomedicine 2003; 10(6-7): 483-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/094471103322331421] [PMID: 13678231]
[85]
Tapondjou LA, Lontsi D, Beibam Luc S, et al. In vivo anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of the two triterpenes, ursolic acid and 23-hydroxyursolic acid, from Cussonia bancoensis. Arch Pharm Res 2003; 26(2): 143-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02976660] [PMID: 12643591]
[86]
Li L, Zhang X, Cui L, et al. Ursolic acid promotes the neuroprotection by activating Nrf2 pathway after cerebral ischemia in mice. Brain Res 2013; 1497: 32-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2012.12.032] [PMID: 23276496]
[87]
Castro AJG, Frederico MJS, Cazarolli LH, et al. The mechanism of action of ursolic acid as insulin secretagogue and insulinomimetic is mediated by cross-talk between calcium and kinases to regulate glucose balance. Biochim Biophys Acta, Gen Subj 2015; 1850(1): 51-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.10.001] [PMID: 25312987]
[88]
Jang SM, Yee ST, Choi J, et al. Ursolic acid enhances the cellular immune system and pancreatic β-cell function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice fed a high-fat diet. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9(1): 113-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2008.10.013] [PMID: 19013541]
[89]
Nugent RA, Hall CM. Analgesics, Antipyretics, and Antiinflammatory Agents. In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2000.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471238961.0114011214210705.a01]
[90]
Hou R, Han Y, Fei Q, et al. Dietary flavone tectochrysin exerts anti-inflammatory action by directly inhibiting MEK1/2 in LPS-primed macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62(2): 1700288.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201700288] [PMID: 28980448]
[91]
Checker R, Sandur SK, Sharma D, et al. Potent anti-inflammatory activity of ursolic acid, a triterpenoid antioxidant, is mediated through suppression of NF-κB, AP-1 and NF-AT. PLoS One 2012; 7(2): e31318.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031318] [PMID: 22363615]
[92]
Akah P, Fitoterapia AN. Nigerian plants with anti-convulsant property. Fitoterapia 1993; 64: 42-4.
[93]
Olsen RW, Bureau M, Endo S, Smith G, Deng L, Sapp D. GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptors: Demonstration of pharmacological subtypes in the brain. In: Kito S, Segawa T, Olsen RW, Eds. Neuroreceptor Mechanisms in Brain Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Boston, MA: Springer 1991; pp. 355-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5907-4_30]
[94]
Galanopoulou A. GABA(A) receptors in normal development and seizures: Friends or foes? Curr Neuropharmacol 2008; 6(1): 1-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015908783769653] [PMID: 19305785]
[95]
Wang Y, Li L, Deng S, Liu F, He Z. Ursolic acid ameliorates inflammation in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury possibly via high mobility group box 1/toll-like receptor 4/NFκB pathway. Front Neurol 2018; 9: 253.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00253] [PMID: 29867706]
[96]
Li J, Wang R, Zhang Y, Jia R, Zhao K, Zhang S. Protective effect of ursolic acid on ischemic brain injury by regulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019; 12: 3612-21.
[97]
Rai SN, Zahra W, Singh SS, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of ursolic acid in MPTP-induced parkinsonian mouse model. Neurotox Res 2019; 36(3): 452-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12640-019-00038-6] [PMID: 31016688]
[98]
Ramos-Hryb AB, Platt N, Freitas AE, et al. Protective effects of ursolic acid against cytotoxicity induced by corticosterone: Role of protein kinases. Neurochem Res 2019; 44(12): 2843-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-019-02906-1] [PMID: 31713091]
[99]
Gheibi S, Kashfi K, Ghasemi A. A practical guide for induction of type-2 diabetes in rat: Incorporating a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95: 605-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.098] [PMID: 28881291]
[100]
Fadeyi SA, Fadeyi OO, Adejumo AA, Okoro C, Myles EL. In vitro anticancer screening of 24 locally used Nigerian medicinal plants. BMC Complement Altern Med 2013; 13(1): 79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-79] [PMID: 23565862]
[101]
Feng XM, Su XL. Anticancer effect of ursolic acid via mitochondria dependent pathways (Review). Oncol Lett 2019; 17(6): 4761-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10171] [PMID: 31186681]
[102]
Liu P, Du R, Yu X. Ursolic acid exhibits potent anticancer effects in human metastatic melanoma cancer cells (SK-MEL-24) via apoptosis induction, inhibition of cell migration and invasion, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK signaling pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25: 1283-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.913069] [PMID: 30772887]
[103]
Leng S, Hao Y, Du D, et al. Ursolic acid promotes cancer cell death by inducing Atg5-dependent autophagy. Int J Cancer 2013; 133(12): n/a.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28301] [PMID: 23737395]
[104]
Oh SB, Hwang CJ, Song SY, et al. Anti-cancer effect of tectochrysin in NSCLC cells through overexpression of death receptor and inactivation of STAT3. Cancer Lett 2014; 353(1): 95-103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.007] [PMID: 25083589]
[105]
Park MH, Hong JE, Park ES, Yoon HS, Seo DW, Hyun BK. Anticancer effect of tectochrysin in colon cancer cell via suppression of NF-kappaB activity and enhancement of death receptor expression. Mol Cancer 2015; 14: 1-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-015-0377-2]
[106]
Akah P, Odo C. Hepatoprotective effect of the solvent fractions of the stem of Hoslundia opposita Vahl (Lamiaceae) against carbon tetrachloride- and paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats. Int J Green Pharm 2010; 4(1): 54-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-8258.62159]
[107]
Saravanan R, Viswanathan P, Pugalendi KV. Protective effect of ursolic acid on ethanol-mediated experimental liver damage in rats. Life Sci 2006; 78(7): 713-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2005.05.060] [PMID: 16137716]
[108]
Shukla B, Visen PKS, Patnaik GK, et al. Hepatoprotective activity in the rat of ursolic acid isolated from eucalyptus hybrid. Phytother Res 1992; 6(2): 74-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2650060205]
[109]
Lee S, Kim KS, Park Y, Shin KH, Kim BK. In vivo anti-oxidant activities of tectochrysin. Arch Pharm Res 2003; 26(1): 43-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03179930] [PMID: 12568357]
[110]
Annan K, Dickson R. Evaluation of wound healing actions of Hoslundia opposita Vahl, Anthocleista nobilis G. Don. and Balanites aegyptiaca L. J Sci Technol 2008; 28(2): 26-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/just.v28i2.33091]
[111]
Ramachandran S, Prasad NR. Effect of ursolic acid, a triterpenoid antioxidant, on ultraviolet-B radiation-induced cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 176(2-3): 99-107.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2008.08.010] [PMID: 18793624]
[112]
Park H-J, Nam J-H, Jung H-J, Lee M-S, Lee K-T, Jung M-H. Inhibitory effect of euscaphic acid and tormentic acid from the roots of Rosa rugosa on high fat diet-induced obesity in the rat. Korean J Pharmacogn 2005; 36: 324-31.
[113]
Olori EO, Olubiyi OO, Babalola CP. Hoslundia opposita and other Nigerian plants inhibit sickle hemoglobin polymerization and prevent erythrocyte sickling: A virtual screening-guided identification of bioactive plants. bioRxiv 2021; 2021.07.25.453693.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.25.453693]
[114]
Anywar G, Kakudidi E, Byamukama R, Mukonzo J, Schubert A, Oryem-Origa H. Medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners to boost the immune system in people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Eur J Integr Med 2020; 35: 101011.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101011]
[115]
Atindehou KK, Koné M, Terreaux C, Traore D, Hostettmann K, Dosso M. Evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of medicinal plants from the ivory coast. Phytother Res 2002; 16(5): 497-502.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.970] [PMID: 12203276]
[116]
Ocheng F, Bwanga F, Joloba M. Essential oils from Ugandan aromatic medicinal plants: Chemical composition and growth inhibitory effects on oral pathogens. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015: 230832.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/230832] [PMID: 26170872]
[117]
Saliu BK, Etim SE, Yusuf HAA, Zakariyah RF, Sule IO, Agbabiaka TO. Production of fermented soymilk and its preservation using essential oils from the leaves of Hoslundia opposite. Sri Lankan J Biology 2021; 6(1): 15-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljb.v6i1.50]
[118]
Gundidza GM, Deans SG, Svoboda KP, Mavi S. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Hoslundia opposita. Cent Afr J Med 1992; 38(7): 290-3.
[PMID: 1477878]
[119]
Sikkema J, de Bont JA, Poolman B. Mechanisms of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons. Microbiol Rev 1995; 59(2): 201-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mr.59.2.201-222.1995] [PMID: 7603409]
[120]
Shuaibu MN, Pandey K, Wuyep PA, et al. Castalagin from Anogeissus leiocarpus mediates the killing of Leishmania in vitro. Parasitol Res 2008; 103(6): 1333-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-1137-7] [PMID: 18690475]
[121]
Shuaibu MN, Wuyep PTA, Yanagi T, et al. Trypanocidal activity of extracts and compounds from the stem bark of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennoides. Parasitol Res 2008; 102(4): 697-703.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-007-0815-1] [PMID: 18066599]
[122]
Koné WM, Atindehou KK, Dossahoua T, Betschart B. Anthelmintic activity of medicinal plants used in Northern Côte d’Ivoire against intestinal helminthiasis. Pharm Biol 2005; 43(1): 72-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880200590903408]
[123]
Schöller M, Prozell S, Al-Kirshi AG, Reichmuth C. Towards biological control as a major component of integrated pest management in stored product protection. J Stored Prod Res 1997; 33(1): 81-97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(96)00048-3]
[124]
Babarinde SA, Pitan OOR, Olatunde GO, Ajala MO. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Nigeria grown Hoslundia opposita Vahl (Lamiaceae) dried leaves and its bioactivity against cowpea seed bruchid. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14(6): e1600418.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201600418] [PMID: 28092425]
[125]
Ogbole OO, Akinleye TE, Segun PA, Faleye TC, Adeniji AJ. In vitro antiviral activity of twenty-seven medicinal plant extracts from Southwest Nigeria against three serotypes of echoviruses. Virol J 2018; 15(1): 110.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12985-018-1022-7] [PMID: 30021589]
[126]
Akolade JO, Muhammad NO, Usman LA, Odebisi MB, Sulyman AO, Akanji FT. Effects of essential oil extracted from the leaves of Hoslundia opposite V. on selected biochemical indices in rats. Br J Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 5(3): 109-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/bjpt.5.5444]
[127]
Oloyede AM, Akindele SK. A preliminary investigation of the acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of Hoslundia opposita in mus musculus (Swiss Mice). Herb Med J 2019; 4: 163-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22087/herb%20med%20j.v4i4.778]
[128]
Calixto JB. Medicinal Plants from the Perspective of Modern Medicinal Chemistry. Chapecó, SC: Argos 2001.