Application of Nano Drug Delivery System (NDDS) in Cancer Therapy: A
Perspective

Junyu      Liu; Shuqin      Li; Jia      Wang; Nannan      Li; Jingna      Zhou; Haixia      Chen
Abstract

Background: Cancer is the biggest killer that threatens human health. Poor bioavailability and strong drug resistance of cancer drugs are common defects. In recent years, drug delivery therapy based on nanotechnology has become a focused research area, and nano drug delivery system has been widely studied in cancer treatment.
Objectives: Based on the articles and patents published on the application of nano drug delivery systems in cancer treatment in the past five years, this paper summarizes the types of nano drug delivery systems and their advantages and limitations in cancer treatment in order to provide a reference for future anticancer research on nano drug delivery systems.
Methods: This perspective summarizes the types of nano drug delivery systems and their advantages and limitations in cancer treatment in recent five years, and proposes the development direction of nano drug delivery systems in the future.
Results: Based on the review of articles and patents, we found that the nano drug delivery system is mainly divided into encapsulated nano drug delivery system and covalently bound nanoprodrug delivery system. Its advantages in cancer treatment are mainly reflected in enhancing drug stability, improving bioavailability, reducing toxicity and better application in cancer diagnosis. However, nano drug delivery system is a new field of science, some of these drug delivery systems might have high toxicity and low bioavailability; the off-target phenomenon often occurs, and most studies are just focused on the early stage, its mechanism of action, clinical efficacy and patient tolerance, and the toxicity of treatment remains to be further investigated.
Conclusion: This perspective systematically summarizes the types of nano drug delivery systems and their advantages and limitations in cancer treatment based on the published articles and patents obtained in the last five years. Future research on nano drug delivery system should consider the potential risks, and stable and efficient nano drug delivery systems should be designed to treat cancer by changing or functionalizing the nanomaterial.
Keywords: Nano drug delivery system, cancer treatment, advantage, limitation, bioavailability, encapsulated.
[1]
Farooq MA, Aquib M, Farooq A, et al. Recent progress in nanotechnology-based novel drug delivery systems in designing of cisplatin for cancer therapy: An overview. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol  2019; 47(1): 1674-92.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2019.1604535] [PMID: 31066300]

[2]
Klochkov SG, Neganova ME, Nikolenko VN, et al. Implications of nanotechnology for the treatment of cancer: Recent advances. Semin Cancer Biol  2021; 69: 190-9.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.028] [PMID: 31446004]

[3]
Jiang T, Li N, Xue J, et al. Polypeptide nano-magnetic nanoparticles useful in medicine or medical product for diagnosing and treating cancer i.e. esophageal cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer, comprises a specific targeting polypeptide and magnetic nanoparticles. WO2020233572-A1; CN111983220-A, 2020.

[4]
Myslinski L J. Treatment of cancer by positioning physical area network including nano-node which comprises cancer cell component in or on user, and activating immune response against cancer cell in user. US2020077945-A1; US10653357-B2, 2020.

[5]
Doughty ACV, Hoover AR, Layton E, Murray CK, Howard EW, Chen WR. Nanomaterial Applications in Photothermal Therapy for Cancer. Materials (Basel)  2019; 12(5): 779.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12050779] [PMID: 30866416]

[6]
Raj S, Khurana S, Choudhari R, et al. Specific targeting cancer cells with nanoparticles and drug delivery in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol  2021; 69: 166-77.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.002] [PMID: 31715247]

[7]
Xiao H, Zhang L. Nano-particles useful in preparing medicine for treating cancer including lung cancer, liver cancer and ovarian cancer, prepared by self-assembly of albumin and tetravalent platinum medicine. CN112957342-A, 2021.

[8]
Naz S, Shamoon M, Wang R, Zhang L, Zhou J, Chen J. Advances in therapeutic implications of inorganic drug delivery nano-platforms for cancer. Int J Mol Sci  2019; 20(4): 965.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040965] [PMID: 30813333]

[9]
Fang XL, Cao JJ, Shen AZ. Advances in anti-breast cancer drugs and the application of nano-drug delivery systems in breast cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol  2020; 57: 101662.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101662]

[10]
Myslinski L J. Treating cancer comprises positioning, in or on user, physical area network comprising first set of nano-nodes, second set of nano-nodes, nano-router and nano-micro interface and activating immune response against cancer cell. US10265017-B1, 2019.

[11]
Li X, Ouyang Z, Li H, et al. Dendrimer-decorated nanogels: Efficient nanocarriers for biodistribution in vivo and chemotherapy of ovarian carcinoma. Bioact Mater  2021; 6(10): 3244-53.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.031] [PMID: 33778202]

[12]
Li X, Hetjens L, Wolter N, Li H, Shi X, Pich A. Charge-reversible and biodegradable chitosan-based microgels for lysozyme-triggered release of vancomycin. J Adv Res 2022.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2022.02.014]

[13]
Li X, Lu S, Xiong Z, et al. Light-addressable nanoclusters of ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles for enhanced and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of arthritis. Adv Sci (Weinh)  2019; 6(19): 1901800.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201901800] [PMID: 31592427]

[14]
Rafiee Z, Nejatian M, Daeihamed M, Jafari SM. Application of different nanocarriers for encapsulation of curcumin. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr  2019; 59(21): 3468-97.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1495174] [PMID: 30001150]

[15]
Mathur P, Rawal S, Patel B, Patel MM. Oral delivery of anticancer agents using nanoparticulate drug delivery system. Curr Drug Metab  2019; 20(14): 1132-40.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200220666191007154017] [PMID: 31589119]

[16]
Liu L, Liu Q, Yan Q, et al. Light nano vaccine useful for preparing medicine for treating/preventing cancer, preferably e.g. lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer and lymphoma comprises black phosphorus quantum dots and exosomes. CN111344015-A; WO2021127814-A1, 2020.

[17]
Luan Y, Du Q, Jiang Y. Nano-particle i.e. carrier-free selfassembled nano aggregate useful for preventing and treating cancer and tumor, preferably breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer and kidney cancer, comprises IR820 and atovaquone. CN112933229-A, 2021.

[18]
Wang Y, Li Y, Song S, Jia Y, Gui L. Nano-drug carrier that is modified by trans-transcriptional activation factor gold nanoparticle, for preparation of drug-loading system used for preparing anti-tumor (e.g. colon cancer, lung cancer or breast cancer) medicine. CN111529509-A, 2020.

[19]
Gozuacik D, Kutlu O, Kocaturk N M, et al. Nano formulations useful for treating cancer chosen from lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer and cervix cancer and their metastatic forms, comprise ceranib-2 contained in polymer matrix. WO2020214106-A1, 2020.

[20]
Zheng S, Chang S, Lu J, et al. Characterization of 9-nitrocamptothecin liposomes: Anticancer properties and mechanisms on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One  2011; 6(6): e21064.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021064] [PMID: 21695227]

[21]
Zhou S, Hu X, Xia R, et al. A paclitaxel prodrug activatable by irradiation in a hypoxic microenvironment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl  2020; 59(51): 23198-205.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202008732] [PMID: 32852145]

[22]
Pandey AK, Piplani N, Mondal T, Katranidis A, Bhattacharya J. Efficient delivery of hydrophobic drug, Cabazitaxel, using Nanodisc: A nano sized free standing planar lipid bilayer. J Mol Liq  2021; 339: 116690.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116690]

[23]
Gote V, Nookala AR, Bolla PK, Pal D. Drug resistance in metastatic breast cancer: Tumor targeted nanomedicine to the rescue. Int J Mol Sci  2021; 22(9): 4673.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094673] [PMID: 33925129]

[24]
Abou Taleb SA, Sobh RA, Mourad RM. Investigating the effect of loading curcuminoids using PCL-PU-beta CD nano-composites on physico-chemical properties, in-vitro release, and ex-vivo breast cancer cell-line. Biointerface Res Appl Chem  2022; 12(3): 4074-102.

[25]
Haggag YA, Matchett KB, Falconer RA, et al. Novel Ran-RCC1 inhibitory peptide-loaded nanoparticles have anti-cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Cancers (Basel)  2019; 11(2): 22.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11020222] [PMID: 30769871]

[26]
Hussain Y, Mirzaei S, Ashrafizadeh M, et al. Quercetin and its nano-scale delivery systems in prostate cancer therapy: Paving the way for cancer elimination and reversing chemoresistance. Cancers (Basel)  2021; 13(7): 1602.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13071602] [PMID: 33807174]

[27]
Sachdeva M, Patel K, Rishi A. Solid self-micro/nano-emulsifying formulation used for treating cancer e.g. breast cancer comprises cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein-1 functional mimetic with increased oral bioavailability and solubility in organic solvent. US10172838-B1, 2019.

[28]
Jia X, Ye H-N, Weng H, Huang N, Yu Y, Xue J-P. Small molecular target-based multifunctional upconversion nanocomposites for targeted and in-depth photodynamic and chemo-anticancer therapy. Mater Sci Eng C  2019; 104: 109849.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.109849] [PMID: 31499944]

[29]
Tan H, Hou N, Liu Y, Xu B, Wang Z. Nano-carrier comprises triangular nano-gold particles and a calcium carbonate layer coated on the surface of the triangular nano-gold particles. CN112972690-A, 2021.

[30]
Zhao G, Su W, Shuai Q. Research progress of novel multi-functional biodegradable PEG-PLA/PLGA/PCL polymeric nanoanticancer drug carriers. Chinese Journal of Modern Applied Pharmacy  2020; 37(18): 2291-8.

[31]
Gao Y, Lin X, Ke L, et al. Aptamer-modified targeted drug-loaded nano particle useful for preparing antitumor drugs, comprises mesoporous silica nano particle as a vector, an anticancer drug and a photosensitizer. CN107753946-A; CN107753946-B, 2018.

[32]
Nie G, Zhou X, Yang F, et al. Anticancer biomembrane nanotargeting ligands useful as e.g. tumor diagnosis reagent, anticancer drug carrier and genetically modified vector, comprise lecithin, soluble proteins, targeting polypeptides and soluble metal salts. AU2021106773-A4, 2021.

[33]
Alavi M, Webster TJ. Nano liposomal and cubosomal formulations with platinum-based anticancer agents: Therapeutic advances and challenges. Nanomedicine (Lond)  2020; 15(24): 2399-410.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2020-0199] [PMID: 32945246]

[34]
Chen S, Song Z, Feng R. Recent development of copolymeric nano-drug delivery system for paclitaxel. Anticancer Agents Med Chem  2020; 20(18): 2169-89.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520620666200719001038] [PMID: 32682385]

[35]
Dang V B H. Anti-radiation nano bio-film useful for preventing radioactivity in treatment of diseases such as cancer by radiation therapy, made up of isolated anti-radioactive bacteria identified from mines for titanium mining. VN60127-A, 2019.

[36]
Zhou L, Li X, Chen X, et al. In vivo antitumor and antimetastatic activities of camptothecin encapsulated with N-trimethyl chitosan in a preclinical mouse model of liver cancer. Cancer Lett  2010; 297(1): 56-64.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2010.04.024] [PMID: 20546992]

[37]
Chen Y, Huang K, Zou J, et al. Ferric oxide nano-particle complex for treating and diagnosing pancreatic cancer, comprises three single-chain antibody surface modifications coupled to PEGylated iron oxide nano-particles. CN110841072-A, 2020.

[38]
Peng J, Chen H, Wang H, Lin Y, Li S. Preparing nano drug-loading complex useful for targeted diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, comprises e.g. taking tetrastyrene, distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol-carboxy and dissolving in methylene chloride. CN110448700-A; CN110448700-B, 2019.

[39]
Wei X, Liu N, Lv J, Guo J. Lung cancer tumor marker immunosensor for diagnosing early stage lung cancer tumor, comprises working electrode (having modified glassy carbon electrode), reference electrode and counter electrode, e.g. platinum electrode. CN111351934-A; CN111351934-B, 2020.

[40]
Li P, Li C, Zhu X. Nano fluorescent probe for targeting pancreatic cancer circulating tumor cells comprises a hydrogen peroxide responsive fluorescent small molecule and a polymer that targets a pancreatic cancer surface marker, the hydrogen peroxide. CN109253990-A; CN109253990-B, 2019.

[41]
El-Zahaby SA, Elnaggar YSR, Abdallah OY. Reviewing two decades of nanomedicine implementations in targeted treatment and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: An emphasis on state of art. J Control Release  2019; 293: 21-35.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.11.013] [PMID: 30445002]

[42]
Lin J, He M, Wu A, Xu X. Composite nano material used for detecting cancer cells with high sensitivity even at very low concentration of cancer cells to be detected comprises e.g. polymer having multiple binding functional groups bind to semiconductor nanoparticles. CN111504973-A, 2020.

[43]
Ahmadian E, Dizaj SM, Sharifi S, et al. The potential of nanomaterials in theranostics of oral squamous cell carcinoma: Recent progress. Trends Analyt Chem  2019; 116: 167-76.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.009]

[44]
Li X, Xing L, Zheng K, et al. Formation of gold nanostar-coated hollow mesoporous silica for tumor multimodality imaging and photothermal therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces  2017; 9(7): 5817-27.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b15185] [PMID: 28118704]

[45]
Li X, Sun H, Li H, et al. Multi-responsive biodegradable cationic nanogels for highly efficient treatment of tumors. Adv Funct Mater  2021; 31(26): 2100227.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202100227] [PMID: 34230825]

[46]
Li X, Kong L, Hu W, et al. Safe and efficient 2D molybdenum disulfide platform for cooperative imaging-guided photothermal-selective chemotherapy: A preclinical study. J Adv Res  2022; 37: 255-66.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.004]

[47]
Deng Y, Huang H, Chen M, et al. Comprehensive effects of near-infrared multifunctional liposomes on cancer cells. Molecules  2020; 25(5): 1098.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051098] [PMID: 32121482]

[48]
Yu CG, Zhang LX, Liu JY, Wang XG. Evaluation of infrared thermography combined with drug-loaded superparamagnetic nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Mater Express  2021; 11(1): 9-15.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2021.1881]

[49]
Hussein HA, Abdullah MA. Novel drug delivery systems based on silver nanoparticles, hyaluronic acid, lipid nanoparticles and liposomes for cancer treatment. Appl Nanosci 2021.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-02018-9]

[50]
Alanazi SA, Alanazi F, Haq N, Shakeel F, Badran MM, Harisa GI. Lipoproteins-nanocarriers as a promising approach for targeting liver cancer: Present status and application prospects. Curr Drug Deliv  2020; 17(10): 826-44.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201817666200206104338] [PMID: 32026776]

[51]
Fukuda K, Xie B. Preparing nano-oxygen free radical water useful for preparing anti-cancer medicine by discharging oxygen into water through gas supply device and gas explosion plate while performing ionization for generating oxygen bubbles and radicals. CN110980915-A, 2020.

[52]
Jin R, Yu C, Sun J, Wang M, Cao A. Preparing a disulfiram-based dextran nano-drug prodrug used as cancer drug carrier for treating tumors, involves reacting dextran with phenyl nitrochloroformate to obtain side chain hydroxylated dextran. CN112121175-A, 2021.

[53]
Khan H, Ullah H, Martorell M, et al. Flavonoids nanoparticles in cancer: Treatment, prevention and clinical prospects. Semin Cancer Biol  2021; 69: 200-11.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.023] [PMID: 31374244]

[54]
Liskova A, Samec M, Koklesova L, et al. Flavonoids as an effective sensitizer for anti-cancer therapy: Insights into multi-faceted mechanisms and applicability towards individualized patient profiles. EPMA J  2021; 12(2): 155-76.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13167-021-00242-5] [PMID: 34025826]

[55]
Mallakpour S, Azadi E, Hussain CM. Recent advancements in synthesis and drug delivery utilization of polysaccharides-based nanocomposites: The important role of nanoparticles and layered double hydroxides. Int J Biol Macromol  2021; 193(Pt A): 183-204.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.123] [PMID: 34695491]

[56]
Deb A, Andrews NG, Raghavan V. Honokiol-camptothecin loaded graphene oxide nanoparticle towards combinatorial anti-cancer drug delivery. IET Nanobiotechnol  2020; 14(9): 796-802.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-nbt.2020.0103] [PMID: 33399110]

[57]
Majidzadeh H, Araj-Khodaei M, Ghaffari M, Torbati M, Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi J, Hamblin MR. Nano-based delivery systems for berberine: A modern anti-cancer herbal medicine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces  2020; 194: 111188.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111188] [PMID: 32540763]

[58]
Voci S, Gagliardi A, Molinaro R, Fresta M, Cosco D. Recent advances of taxol-loaded biocompatible nanocarriers embedded in natural polymer-based hydrogels. Gels  2021; 7(2): 33.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7020033] [PMID: 33804970]

[59]
Jiang L, Zhou Y, Chen D, Xue G, Yuan C, Huang M. Nano composition useful for wrapping quercetin anticancer drug and preparing medicament for treating breast cancer comprises e.g. quercetin, polylactic-co-glycolic acid copolymer, vitamin E Dalpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate. CN109999002-A, 2019.

[60]
Yang X, Wang J. Active natural product nano-drug loading system used for treating cancer, comprises active natural product ursolic acid or oleanolic acid as drug carrier, and hydrophobic drug comprising paclitaxel and its taxanes, curcumin or camptothecin. CN111202719-A, 2020.

[61]
Andleeb A, Andleeb A, Asghar S, et al. A systematic review of biosynthesized metallic nanoparticles as a promising anti-cancer-strategy. Cancers (Basel)  2021; 13(11): 2818.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112818] [PMID: 34198769]

[62]
Sun Y, Jiang X, Liu Y, et al. Recent advances in Cu(II)/Cu(I)-MOFs based nano-platforms for developing new nano-medicines. J Inorg Biochem  2021; 225: 111599.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111599] [PMID: 34507123]

[63]
Mao W, Son YJ, Yoo HS. Gold nanospheres and nanorods for anti-cancer therapy: Comparative studies of fabrication, surface-decoration, and anti-cancer treatments. Nanoscale  2020; 12(28): 14996-5020.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D0NR01690J] [PMID: 32666990]

[64]
Zhao Y, Liu W, Tian Y, et al. Anti-EGFR peptide-conjugated triangular gold nanoplates for computed tomography/photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal therapy of non-small cell lung cancer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces  2018; 10(20): 16992-7003.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b19013] [PMID: 29722264]

[65]
Dang M. Nano-particle, where disulfiram is used for preparing medicine for treating tumor disease and in preparing imaging material, nano-particles is aggregate of disulfiram or derivative coordinated and bound with metal ions. CN113045464-A, 2021.

[66]
Huang P, Zhang T. Nano metal organic framework cavitation material useful for treating cancer cavitation such as breast cancer, is supported by nano metal organic framework and cavitation active component comprising perfluorobutene or perfluorohexyl iodane. CN110124034-A; CN110124034-B, 2019.

[67]
Fu W, Zhou W, Chu PK, Yu XF. Inherent chemotherapeutic anti-cancer effects of low-dimensional nanomaterials. Chemistry  2019; 25(47): 10995-1006.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201901841] [PMID: 31206798]

[68]
Huang X, Xia Y, Huang S. Graphene-combined treatment of cancer involves preparing nano-delivery carrier for photothermal response controlled release of drug, assisting patient with graphene heating element, and combining patient photothermal conversion of graphene. CN111298117-A, 2020.

[69]
Xiao F, Xu Y, Wang S. Preparing cobalt-nitrogen co-doped carbon nano-tube modified graphene fiber used as nano-enzyme electrochemical biosensor for detecting concentration of hydrogen sulfide in colorectal cancer cell. CN112726193-A, 2021.

[70]
Jaiswal S, Dutta PK, Kumar S, Chawla R. Chitosan modified by organo-functionalities as an efficient nanoplatform for anti-cancer drug delivery process. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol  2021; 62: 102407.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102407]

[71]
Khan H, Mirzaei HR, Amiri A, Kupeli Akkol E, Ashhad Halimi SM, Mirzaei H. Glyco-nanoparticles: New drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol  2021; 69: 24-42.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.004] [PMID: 31870939]

[72]
Bhia M, Motallebi M, Abadi B, et al. Naringenin nano-delivery systems and their therapeutic applications. Pharmaceutics  2021; 13(2): 291.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020291] [PMID: 33672366]

[73]
Guo X, Yang X, Shang P. New polymer used for preparing nano self-assembly for drug delivery system for preparing medicine for preventing and/or treating cancer or tumor, e.g. breast cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer. CN113045687-A, 2021.

[74]
Qian J, Li Y, Xu W, Wang Y. Preparing albumin/polysaccharide polymer-based platinum nano prodrug useful in preparation of medicine for treatment of breast cancer, lung cancer and liver cancer. CN112472671-A; CN112472671-B, 2021.

[75]
Jena L, McErlean E, McCarthy H. Delivery across the blood-brain barrier: Nanomedicine for glioblastoma multiforme. Drug Deliv Transl Res  2020; 10(2): 304-18.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-019-00679-2] [PMID: 31728942]

[76]
Filipczak N, Pan J, Yalamarty SSK, Torchilin VP. Recent advancements in liposome technology. Adv Drug Deliv Rev  2020; 156: 4-22.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.022] [PMID: 32593642]

[77]
Tang C, Chen F. Production of soy protein-based nano-curcumin used for research and development of functional healthcare food for preventing intestinal cancer by dropwise adding curcumin solution to soy protein isolate dispersion liquid, and stirring. CN111213880-A, 2020.

[78]
Villaverde Corrales A, Vazquez Gomez E, Lopez Laguna H, Sanchez J M, Mangues Bafalluy R. Protein nano- or microparticle used as medicament for treating disease chosen from cancer, immune disease, neurodegenerative disease, and their combinations, comprises cluster of types of assembled selfcontained protein. EP3722255-A1, 2020.

[79]
Zielińska A, Szalata M, Gorczyński A, et al. Cancer nanopharmaceuticals: Physicochemical characterization and in vitro/in vivo applications. Cancers (Basel)  2021; 13(8): 1896.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13081896] [PMID: 33920840]

[80]
Xing L, Fan YT, Shen LJ, et al. pH-sensitive and specific ligand-conjugated chitosan nanogels for efficient drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol  2019; 141: 85-97.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.237] [PMID: 31473314]

[81]
Han L, Liu C, Gao X, Jia L. Size-controllable frame plane material composition useful e.g. in cell enrichment, capturing circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood, removing cancer cells comprises net-shaped nanofiber membrane, support column and substrate. CN113186164-A, 2021.

[82]
Brouillard A, Deshpande N, Kulkarni AA. Engineered multifunctional nano- and biological materials for cancer immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater  2021; 10(6): e2001680.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202001680] [PMID: 33448159]

[83]
Xu X, Shen Y, Xiang J, Xu S, Ling S, Shan Q. Sorafenib-gene coloaded nano-medicinal composition useful for treating cancer, comprises nano-aggregate and targeting lipid layer wrapped outside nano-aggregate. CN112263565-A; CN112263565-B, 2021.

[84]
Li X, Xing L, Hu Y, et al. An RGD-modified hollow silica@Au core/shell nanoplatform for tumor combination therapy. Acta Biomater  2017; 62: 273-83.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.024] [PMID: 28823719]

[85]
Sethuraman V, Janakiraman K, Krishnaswami V, Kandasamy R. Recent progress in stimuli-responsive intelligent nano scale drug delivery systems: A special focus towards pH-sensitive systems. Curr Drug Targets  2021; 22(8): 947-66.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450122999210128180058] [PMID: 33511953]

[86]
Li X, Li H, Zhang C, Pich A, Xing L, Shi X. Intelligent nanogels with self-adaptive responsiveness for improved tumor drug delivery and augmented chemotherapy. Bioact Mater  2021; 6(10): 3473-84.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.021] [PMID: 33869898]

[87]
Khandelwal R, Arora SK, Phase DM, Pareek A Ravikant. Ravikant, anti cancer potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles. AIP Conf Proc  2020; 2220: 020046.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0001134]

[88]
Xiang J, Lin J, Fan H, Chen Y, Yan J, Ma H. Preparing green lightresponsive polymer nano-medicine carrier, comprises e.g. preparing furan derivatives, polyethylene glycol-b-poly(hexyl acrylate-co-pentafluorophenyl methacrylate, amphiphilic polymer, and green light-responsive polymer. CN112807433-A, 2021.

[89]
Garcia-Oliveira P, Otero P, Pereira AG, et al. Status and challenges of plant-anticancer compounds in cancer treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel)  2021; 14(2): 157.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14020157] [PMID: 33673021]
Cite As
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery

Application of Nano Drug Delivery System (NDDS) in Cancer Therapy: A Perspective

Abstract
