Abstract

Background: Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are built on the principles of mobile ad-hoc networks, and there are numerous approaches to achieving vehicular communication, like vehicle to infrastructure or vehicle to vehicle, with the advantage of ad-hoc networks. In VANETs, both vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside architecture coexist to provide safety, services, and navigation; therefore, they are an integral element of the intelligent transportation system framework. The routing protocols in vehicle-to-vehicle communication are used to optimize the propagation of the messages.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the traits of the routing protocols based on various performance metrics like end-to-end delay, packet drop ratio, and throughput. The routing protocols named ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV), dynamic source routing (DSR), and destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV) have been compared considering a real-life scenario.

Methods: It evaluates DSDV, DSR, and AODV protocols in the simulation of urban mobility (SUMO) through the open street map. SUMO mobility file was configured to the network simulator 3 to study the performance of AODV, DSDV, and DSR.

Results: By examining the protocols, we concluded that AODV is better when evaluated on the parameters named end-to-end delay, packet drop ratio, and throughput.

Conclusion: The practical application of our study can be found in collision alert, emergency response community, highway/rail collision avoidance, etc.

Keywords: Ad-hoc network, routing, vehicular communication, VANETs, throughput, protocols.