Generic placeholder image

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Author(s): Neda Yaghoubi , Farnaz Zahedi Avval , Majid Khazaei, Amirhossein Sahebkar * and Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari*

DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210608094908

DownloadDownload PDF Flyer Cite As
High Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miRNAs Compared with the Carcinoembryonic Antigen As A Traditional Tumor Marker

Page: [206 - 214] Pages: 9

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Explore Articles
About Journal
For Authors
For Editors
For Reviewers

Abstract

Abstract: Early diagnosis and accurate prognosis are significant important challenges against effective treatment of cancer and improving patient’s condition. Hitherto, many research works have tended to focus on the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to detect cancers and estimate the survival rates of patients with multiple cancer types, including colorectal, breast, non-small cell lung, and pancreas cancer. Limited sensitivity and specificity of this traditional tumor marker make it an inappropriate biomarker to diagnose cancer, especially in the early stages while several lines of research have introduced miRNAs as reliable indicators of tumor initiation, development, and therapy response. Indeed, miRNAs have unique properties that provide considerable benefits, such as discriminating benign diseases from malignancies, predicting cancer development and progression, checking sensitivity to treatment, and initial detecting of tumors. This review summarizes the relationships between miRNAs and CEA, the diagnostic significance of CEA in combination with miRNAs, and the distinct advantages of miRNAs over CEA as tumor biomarkers. Advancement in our current understanding of miRNAs is very essential to discover new and effective biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic goals of cancer patients.

Keywords: Tumor marker, miRNA, CEA, diagnostic value, prognostic value, antigen.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Nikbakht, H.A.; Sahraian, S.; Ghaem, H.; Javadi, A.; Janfada, M.; Hassanipour, S. Trends in mortality rates for gastrointestinal cancers in fars province, Iran (2005-2015). J. Gastrointest. Cancer, 2019.
[PMID: 30663013]
[2]
Gold, P.; Freedman, S.O. Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. J. Exp. Med., 1965, 121, 439-462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.121.3.439] [PMID: 14270243]
[3]
Martin, E.W., Jr; Kibbey, W.E.; DiVecchia, L.; Anderson, G.; Catalano, P.; Minton, J.P. Carcinoembryonic antigen: clinical and historical aspects. Cancer, 1976, 37(1), 62-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197601)37:1<62:AID-CNCR2820370110>3.0.CO;2-#] [PMID: 1247968]
[4]
Okamura, K.; Takayama, K.; Izumi, M.; Harada, T.; Furuyama, K.; Nakanishi, Y. Diagnostic value of CEA and CYFRA 21-1 tumor markers in primary lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 2013, 80(1), 45-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.01.002] [PMID: 23352032]
[5]
Thomas, D.S.; Fourkala, E.O.; Apostolidou, S.; Gunu, R.; Ryan, A.; Jacobs, I.; Menon, U.; Alderton, W.; Gentry-Maharaj, A.; Timms, J.F. Evaluation of serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 for the early detection of colorectal cancer using longitudinal preclinical samples. Br. J. Cancer, 2015, 113(2), 268-274.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.202] [PMID: 26035703]
[6]
Kosaka, Y.; Minatani, N.; Tanaka, Y.; Shida, A.; Kikuchi, M.; Nishimiya, H.; Waraya, M.; Katoh, H.; Sato, T.; Sengoku, N.; Tanino, H.; Yamashita, K.; Watanabe, M. Lymph node metastasis and high serum CEA are important prognostic factors in hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative breast cancer. Mol. Clin. Oncol., 2018, 9(5), 566-574.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mco.2018.1716] [PMID: 30402236]
[7]
Cacho-Diaz, B.; Spinola-Marono, H.; Mendoza-Olivas, LG.; Monroy-Sosa, A.; Reyes-Soto, G.; Arrieta, O. Association of neurologic manifestations and CEA levels with the diagnosis of brain metastases in lung cancer patients. Clinical & translational oncology: official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico,, 2019.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12094-019-02086-y]
[8]
Gropp, C.; Lehmann, FG.; Havemann, K. [Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with lung cancer: correlation with tumour extent and response to treatment (author's transl)]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) 1977, 102(30), 1079-1082.
[9]
van der Kaaij, R.T.; Voncken, F.E.M.; van Dieren, J.M.; Snaebjornsson, P.; Korse, C.M.; Grootscholten, C.; Aleman, B.M.P.; van Sandick, J.W. Elevated pretreatment CEA and CA19-9 levels are related to early treatment failure in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Am. J. Clin. Oncol., 2019, 42(4), 345-350.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000000525] [PMID: 30724779]
[10]
Ogata-Kawata, H.; Izumiya, M.; Kurioka, D.; Honma, Y.; Yamada, Y.; Furuta, K.; Gunji, T.; Ohta, H.; Okamoto, H.; Sonoda, H.; Watanabe, M.; Nakagama, H.; Yokota, J.; Kohno, T.; Tsuchiya, N. Circulating exosomal microRNAs as biomarkers of colon cancer. PLoS One, 2014, 9(4)e92921
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092921] [PMID: 24705249]
[11]
Guadagni, F.; Roselli, M.; Cosimelli, M.; Spila, A.; Cavaliere, F.; Arcuri, R.; D’Alessandro, R.; Fracasso, P.L.; Casale, V.; Vecchione, A.; Casciani, C.U.; Greiner, J.W.; Schlom, J. Quantitative analysis of CEA expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma and serum: lack of correlation. Int. J. Cancer, 1997, 72(6), 949-954.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970917)72:6<949:AID-IJC5>3.0.CO;2-P] [PMID: 9378556]
[12]
Gonzalez-Exposito, R.; Semiannikova, M.; Griffiths, B.; Khan, K.; Barber, L.J.; Woolston, A.; Spain, G.; von Loga, K.; Challoner, B.; Patel, R.; Ranes, M.; Swain, A.; Thomas, J.; Bryant, A.; Saffery, C.; Fotiadis, N.; Guettler, S.; Mansfield, D.; Melcher, A.; Powles, T.; Rao, S.; Watkins, D.; Chau, I.; Matthews, N.; Wallberg, F.; Starling, N.; Cunningham, D.; Gerlinger, M. CEA expression heterogeneity and plasticity confer resistance to the CEA-targeting bispecific immunotherapy antibody cibisatamab (CEA-TCB) in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids. J. Immunother. Cancer, 2019, 7(1), 101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0575-3] [PMID: 30982469]
[13]
Ambros, V.; Lee, R.C.; Lavanway, A.; Williams, P.T.; Jewell, D. MicroRNAs and other tiny endogenous RNAs in C. elegans. Curr. Biol., 2003, 13(10), 807-818.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00287-2] [PMID: 12747828]
[14]
Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H.; Arefian, E.; Lau, P. miRandb: a resource of online services for miRNA research. Brief. Bioinform., 2018, 19(2), 254-262.
[PMID: 28049134]
[15]
Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H. Online databases and circular RNAs. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 2018, 1087, 35-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_3] [PMID: 30259355]
[16]
Yaghoubi, N.; Zahedi Avval, F.; Khazaei, M.; Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H. MicroRNAs as potential investigative and predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Cell. Signal., 2021, 80109910
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109910] [PMID: 33387618]
[17]
Lagos-Quintana, M.; Rauhut, R.; Lendeckel, W.; Tuschl, T. Identification of novel genes coding for small expressed RNAs. Science, 2001, 294(5543), 853-858.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1064921] [PMID: 11679670]
[18]
Lujambio, A.; Lowe, S.W. The microcosmos of cancer. Nature, 2012, 482(7385), 347-355.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10888] [PMID: 22337054]
[19]
Marjaneh, R.M.; Khazaei, M.; Ferns, G.A.; Avan, A.; Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H. The role of microRNAs in 5-FU resistance of colorectal cancer: Possible mechanisms. J. Cell. Physiol., 2019, 234(3), 2306-2316.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27221] [PMID: 30191973]
[20]
Moradi Marjaneh, R.; Khazaei, M.; Ferns, G.A.; Avan, A.; Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H. MicroRNAs as potential therapeutic targets to predict responses to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer: From basic evidence to therapeutic implication. IUBMB Life, 2019, 71(10), 1428-1441.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iub.2108] [PMID: 31322820]
[21]
Nariman-Saleh-Fam, Z.; Vahed, S.Z.; Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H.; Daraei, A.; Saadatian, Z.; Kafil, H.S.; Yousefi, B.; Eyvazi, S.; Khaheshi, I.; Parsa, S.A.; Moravej, A.; Mousavi, N.; Bastami, M.; Mansoori, Y. Expression pattern of miR-21, miR-25 and PTEN in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with significant or insignificant coronary stenosis. Gene, 2019, 698, 170-178.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.074] [PMID: 30849539]
[22]
Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H.; Arefian, E.; Naderi, M.; Noorbakhsh, F.; Nodouzi, V.; Asgari, M.; Fard-Esfahani, P.; Mahdian, R.; Soleimani, M. MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways targeted by miR-23a and miR-23b in prostate cancer: computational and in vitro approaches. Tumour Biol., 2015, 36(6), 4203-4212.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3057-3] [PMID: 25604141]
[23]
Vahdat Lasemi, F.; Mahjoubin Tehran, M.; Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H.; Jalili, A.; Jaafari, M.R.; Sahebkar, A. Harnessing nucleic acid-based therapeutics for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: state of the art. Drug Discov. Today, 2019, 24(5), 1116-1131.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2019.04.007] [PMID: 30980904]
[24]
Zhu, Y.; Li, T.; Chen, G.; Yan, G.; Zhang, X.; Wan, Y.; Li, Q.; Zhu, B.; Zhuo, W. Identification of a serum microRNA expression signature for detection of lung cancer, involving miR-23b, miR-221, miR-148b and miR-423-3p. Lung Cancer, 2017, 114, 6-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.10.002] [PMID: 29173767]
[25]
Aghaee-Bakhtiari, S.H.; Arefian, E.; Soleimani, M.; Noorbakhsh, F.; Samiee, S.M.; Fard-Esfahani, P.; Mahdian, R. Reproducible and Reliable Real-time PCR Assay to Measure Mature Form of miR-141. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol., 2016, 24(2), 138-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000169] [PMID: 25789530]
[26]
Zhu, J.; Dong, H.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, S. Combined assays for serum carcinoembryonic antigen and microRNA-17-3p offer improved diagnostic potential for stage I/II colon cancer. Mol. Clin. Oncol., 2015, 3(6), 1315-1318.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mco.2015.616] [PMID: 26807240]
[27]
Shin, Y.M.; Yun, J.; Lee, O.J.; Han, H.S.; Lim, S.N.; An, J.Y. Diagnostic value of circulating extracellular miR-134, miR-185, and miR-22 levels in lung adenocarcinoma-associated malignant pleural effusion. Cancer Res. Treat., 2014, 46(2), 178-185.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4143/crt.2014.46.2.178]
[28]
Zhu, W.; Zhou, K.; Zha, Y.; Chen, D.; He, J.; Ma, H.; Liu, X.; Le, H.; Zhang, Y. Diagnostic value of serum miR-182, miR-183, miR-210, and miR-126 levels in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One, 2016, 11(4)e0153046
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153046] [PMID: 27093275]
[29]
Huang, S.K.; Wang, J.; Li, Y.; Lin, H.; Li, D.D.; Cui, C.J.; Wang, G.J.; Li, X.X.; Yang, L.; Zhao, M.; Huang, C.Z. Clinical application value of combined detection of serum miR-378 and miR-21 in gastric cancer. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi, 2018, 40(6), 441-445.
[PMID: 29936770]
[30]
Chen, S.; Dai, Y.; Zhang, X.; Jin, D.; Li, X.; Zhang, Y. Increased miR-449a expression in colorectal carcinoma tissues is inversely correlated with serum carcinoembryonic antigen. Oncol. Lett., 2014, 7(2), 568-572.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2013.1737] [PMID: 24396489]
[31]
Zhang, Y.; Ma, Y.; Xu, W.; Li, W.; Min, P. Qiu, J Association of microRNA-933 variant with the susceptibility to gastric cancer. J. of BUON, 2017, 22(2), 390-395.
[32]
Zhao, F.L.; Dou, Y.C.; Wang, X.F.; Han, D.C.; Lv, Z.G.; Ge, S.L.; Zhang, Y.K. Serum microRNA-195 is down-regulated in breast cancer: a potential marker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Mol. Biol. Rep., 2014, 41(9), 5913-5922.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3466-1] [PMID: 25103018]
[33]
Zhu, W.Y.; Zhang, Y.K.; Chai, Z.D.; Hu, X.F.; Tan, L.L.; Wang, Z.Y.; Chen, Z.J.; Le, H.B. Identification of factors for the preoperative prediction of tumour subtype and prognosis in patients with T1 lung adenocarcinoma. Dis. Markers, 2016, 20169354680
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9354680] [PMID: 28115792]
[34]
Han, J.G.; Jiang, Y.D.; Zhang, C.H.; Yang, Y.M.; Pang, D.; Song, Y.N.; Zhang, G.Q. A novel panel of serum miR-21/miR-155/miR-365 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer. Ann. Surg. Treat. Res., 2017, 92(2), 55-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4174/astr.2017.92.2.55] [PMID: 28203552]
[35]
Bilegsaikhan, E.; Liu, H.N.; Shen, X.Z.; Liu, T.T. Circulating miR-338-5p is a potential diagnostic biomarker in colorectal cancer. J. Dig. Dis., 2018, 19(7), 404-410.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12643] [PMID: 29952077]
[36]
Han, H.S.; Yun, J.; Lim, S.N.; Han, J.H.; Lee, K.H.; Kim, S.T.; Kang, M.H.; Son, S.M.; Lee, Y.M.; Choi, S.Y.; Yun, S.J.; Kim, W.J.; Lee, O.J. Downregulation of cell-free miR-198 as a diagnostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma-associated malignant pleural effusion. Int. J. Cancer, 2013, 133(3), 645-652.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28054] [PMID: 23354517]
[37]
Chen, J.; Chen, M. Serum levels of miRNA-183 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its diagnostic value. J. Central South Uni. Med. Sci., 2018, 43(10), 1048-1053.
[38]
Kojima, M.; Sudo, H.; Kawauchi, J.; Takizawa, S.; Kondou, S.; Nobumasa, H.; Ochiai, A. MicroRNA markers for the diagnosis of pancreatic and biliary-tract cancers. PLoS One, 2015, 10(2)e0118220
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118220] [PMID: 25706130]
[39]
Zaleski, M.; Kobilay, M.; Schroeder, L.; Debald, M.; Semaan, A.; Hettwer, K.; Uhlig, S.; Kuhn, W.; Hartmann, G.; Holdenrieder, S. Improved sensitivity for detection of breast cancer by combination of miR-34a and tumor markers CA 15-3 or CEA. Oncotarget, 2018, 9(32), 22523-22536.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.25077] [PMID: 29854296]
[40]
Cheng, H.; Zhang, L.; Cogdell, D.E.; Zheng, H.; Schetter, A.J.; Nykter, M.; Harris, C.C.; Chen, K.; Hamilton, S.R.; Zhang, W. Circulating plasma MiR-141 is a novel biomarker for metastatic colon cancer and predicts poor prognosis. PLoS One, 2011, 6(3)e17745
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017745] [PMID: 21445232]
[41]
Gao, J.; Zhang, Q.; Xu, J.; Guo, L.; Li, X. Clinical significance of serum miR-21 in breast cancer compared with CA153 and CEA. Chin. J. Cancer Res., 2013, 25(6), 743-748.
[42]
Wang, J.; Huang, S.K.; Zhao, M.; Yang, M.; Zhong, J.L.; Gu, Y.Y.; Peng, H.; Che, Y.Q.; Huang, C.Z. Identification of a circulating microRNA signature for colorectal cancer detection. PLoS One, 2014, 9(4)e87451
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087451] [PMID: 24709885]
[43]
Jiang, Z.; Guo, J.; Xiao, B.; Miao, Y.; Huang, R.; Li, D.; Zhang, Y. Increased expression of miR-421 in human gastric carcinoma and its clinical association. J. Gastroenterol., 2010, 45(1), 17-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00535-009-0135-6] [PMID: 19802518]
[44]
Zhou, C.; Chen, Z.; Dong, J.; Li, J.; Shi, X.; Sun, N.; Luo, M.; Zhou, F.; Tan, F.; He, J. Combination of serum miRNAs with Cyfra21-1 for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett., 2015, 367(2), 138-146.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.015] [PMID: 26213369]
[45]
Ng, L.; Wan, T.M.; Man, J.H.; Chow, A.K.; Iyer, D.; Chen, G.; Yau, T.C.; Lo, O.S.; Foo, D.C.; Poon, J.T.; Leung, W.K.; Pang, R.W.; Law, W.L. Identification of serum miR-139-3p as a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(16), 27393-27400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.16171] [PMID: 28404964]
[46]
Hu, J.L.; He, G.Y.; Lan, X.L.; Zeng, Z.C.; Guan, J.; Ding, Y.; Qian, X.L.; Liao, W.T.; Ding, Y.Q.; Liang, L. Inhibition of ATG12-mediated autophagy by miR-214 enhances radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer. Oncogenesis, 2018, 7(2), 16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41389-018-0028-8] [PMID: 29459645]
[47]
Li, L.; Chen, Y.Y.; Li, S.Q.; Huang, C.; Qin, Y.Z. Expression of miR-148/152 family as potential biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer. Med. Sci. Monit., 2015, 21, 1155-1161.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.892940] [PMID: 25904302]
[48]
Liu, G.L.; Liu, X.; Lv, X.B.; Wang, X.P.; Fang, X.S.; Sang, Y. miR-148b functions as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer by targeting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med., 2014, 7(8), 1990-1999.
[PMID: 25232379]
[49]
Denaro, M.; Navari, E.; Ugolini, C.; Seccia, V.; Donati, V.; Casani, A.P.; Basolo, F. A microRNA signature for the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumors. PLoS One, 2019, 14(1)e0210968
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210968] [PMID: 30682201]
[50]
Wang, J.; Yan, F.; Zhao, Q.; Zhan, F.; Wang, R.; Wang, L.; Zhang, Y.; Huang, X. Circulating exosomal miR-125a-3p as a novel biomarker for early-stage colon cancer. Sci. Rep., 2017, 7(1), 4150.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04386-1] [PMID: 28646161]
[51]
Fang, Z.; Tang, J.; Bai, Y.; Lin, H.; You, H.; Jin, H.; Lin, L.; You, P.; Li, J.; Dai, Z.; Liang, X.; Su, Y.; Hu, Q.; Wang, F.; Zhang, Z.Y. Plasma levels of microRNA-24, microRNA-320a, and microRNA-423-5p are potential biomarkers for colorectal carcinoma. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res., 2015, 34, 86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-015-0198-6] [PMID: 26297223]
[52]
Yu, J.; Jin, L.; Jiang, L.; Gao, L.; Zhou, J.; Hu, Y.; Li, W.; Zhi, Q.; Zhu, X. Serum miR-372 is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with early colorectal cancer. Anticancer. Agents Med. Chem., 2016, 16(4), 424-431.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520615666150716110406] [PMID: 26179262]
[53]
Li, W.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Tang, L.; Liu, X.; Dai, Y.; Xiao, L.; Huang, S.; Chen, L.; Guo, Z.; Lu, J.; Yuan, K. MicroRNA-486 as a biomarker for early diagnosis and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One, 2015, 10(8)e0134220
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134220] [PMID: 26237047]
[54]
Shi, G.L.; Chen, Y.; Sun, Y.; Yin, Y.J.; Song, C.X. Significance of serum microRNAs in the auxiliary diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer. Clin. Lab., 2017, 63(1), 133-140.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2016.160710] [PMID: 28164492]
[55]
Guo, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Shi, Y.; Xi, J.; Fan, H.; Xu, S. Decreased expression of miR-204 in plasma is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Int. J. Mol. Med., 2015, 36(6), 1720-1726.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2388] [PMID: 26497897]
[56]
Swellam, M.; Ramadan, A.; El-Hussieny, E.A.; Bakr, N.M.; Hassan, N.M.; Sobeih, M.E. EzzElArab, L.R. Clinical significance of blood-based miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic nucleic acid markers in breast cancer: Comparative to conventional tumor markers. J. Cell. Biochem., 2019, 120(8), 12321-12330.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.28496] [PMID: 30825229]
[57]
Gao, F.; Chang, J.; Wang, H.; Zhang, G. Potential diagnostic value of miR-155 in serum from lung adenocarcinoma patients. Oncol. Rep., 2014, 31(1), 351-357.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2830] [PMID: 24190459]
[58]
Wu, J.; Li, G.; Wang, Z.; Yao, Y.; Chen, R.; Pu, X.; Wang, J. Circulating microRNA-21 is a potential diagnostic biomarker in gastric cancer. Dis. Markers, 2015, 2015435656
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/435656] [PMID: 26063956]
[59]
Yao, L.H.; Wang, G.R.; Cai, Y.; Ma, Q.; Wang, D.S.; Xu, L.; Guo, X.L. The expressions and diagnostic values of miR-18a and miR-21 in esophageal cancer. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi, 2019, 41(2), 107-111.
[PMID: 30862139]
[60]
Guo, L.J.; Zhang, Q.Y. Decreased serum miR-181a is a potential new tool for breast cancer screening. Int. J. Mol. Med., 2012, 30(3), 680-686.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2012.1021] [PMID: 22692639]
[61]
Wu, J.; Li, G.; Yao, Y.; Wang, Z.; Sun, W.; Wang, J. MicroRNA-421 is a new potential diagnosis biomarker with higher sensitivity and specificity than carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 125 in gastric cancer. Biomarkers, 2015, 20(1), 58-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/1354750X.2014.992812]
[62]
Joyce, B.T.; Zheng, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, L.; Kocherginsky, M.; Murphy, R.; Achenbach, C.J.; Musa, J.; Wehbe, F.; Just, A.; Shen, J.; Vokonas, P.; Schwartz, J.; Baccarelli, A.A.; Hou, L. miRNA-processing gene methylation and cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 2018, 27(5), 550-557.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0849] [PMID: 29475968]
[63]
Cho, S.H.; Ko, J.J.; Kim, J.O.; Jeon, Y.J.; Yoo, J.K.; Oh, J.; Oh, D.; Kim, J.W.; Kim, N.K. 3′-UTR polymorphisms in the MiRNA machinery genes DROSHA, DICER1, RAN, and XPO5 are associated with colorectal cancer risk in a korean population. PLoS One, 2015, 10(7)e0131125
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131125] [PMID: 26147304]
[64]
Osuch-Wojcikiewicz, E.; Bruzgielewicz, A.; Niemczyk, K.; Sieniawska-Buccella, O.; Nowak, A.; Walczak, A.; Majsterek, I. Association of polymorphic variants of miRNA processing genes with larynx cancer risk in a polish population. BioMed Res. Int., 2015, 2015298378
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/298378] [PMID: 26688807]
[65]
Rafieenia, F.; Abbaszadegan, M.R.; Poursheikhani, A.; Razavi, S.M.S.; Jebelli, A.; Molaei, F. In silico evidence of high frequency of miRNA-related SNPs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J. Cell. Physiol., 2019.
[PMID: 31347171]
[66]
Wang, P.Y.; Gao, Z.H.; Jiang, Z.H.; Li, X.X.; Jiang, B.F.; Xie, S.Y. The associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms in miR-146a, miR-196a and miR-499 with breast cancer susceptibility. PLoS One, 2013, 8(9)e70656
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070656] [PMID: 24039706]
[67]
Nejati-Azar, A.; Alivand, M.R. miRNA 196a2(rs11614913) & 146a(rs2910164) polymorphisms & breast cancer risk for women in an Iranian population. Per. Med., 2018, 15(4), 279-289.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pme-2017-0088] [PMID: 29965793]
[68]
Yuan, D.; Li, K.; Zhu, K.; Yan, R.; Dang, C. Plasma miR-183 predicts recurrence and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol. Ther., 2015, 16(2), 268-275.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384047.2014.1002327] [PMID: 25629978]
[69]
Liu, R.; Zhang, C.; Hu, Z.; Li, G.; Wang, C.; Yang, C A five-microRNA signature identified from genome-wide serum microRNA expression profiling serves as a fingerprint for gastric cancer diagnosis. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England: 1990), 2011, 47(5), 784-791.
[70]
Li, F.; Guo, Y.; Liu, J.; Zhang, R. The significance of elevated plasma expression of microRNA 106b~25 clusters in gastric cancer. PLoS One, 2017, 12(5)e0178427
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178427] [PMID: 28562634]
[71]
Zhou, L.L.; Shen, Y.; Gong, J.M.; Sun, P.; Sheng, J.H. MicroRNA-466 with tumor markers for cervical cancer screening. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(41), 70821-70827.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.19992] [PMID: 29050322]
[72]
Barshack, I.; Meiri, E.; Rosenwald, S.; Lebanony, D.; Bronfeld, M.; Aviel-Ronen, S.; Rosenblatt, K.; Polak-Charcon, S.; Leizerman, I.; Ezagouri, M.; Zepeniuk, M.; Shabes, N.; Cohen, L.; Tabak, S.; Cohen, D.; Bentwich, Z.; Rosenfeld, N. Differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic tumors in the liver using microRNA expression. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 2010, 42(8), 1355-1362.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2009.02.021] [PMID: 20619223]
[73]
Ortega, F.G.; Lorente, J.A.; Garcia Puche, J.L.; Ruiz, M.P.; Sanchez-Martin, R.M.; de Miguel-Pérez, D.; Diaz-Mochon, J.J.; Serrano, M.J. miRNA in situ hybridization in circulating tumor cells-MishCTC. Sci. Rep., 2015, 5, 9207.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep09207] [PMID: 25777797]
[74]
Reuben, J.M.; Krishnamurthy, S.; Woodward, W.; Cristofanilli, M. The role of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer diagnosis and prediction of therapy response. Expert Opin. Med. Diagn., 2008, 2(4), 339-348.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/17530059.2.4.339] [PMID: 23495703]
[75]
Zhang, B.; Sun, Z.; Song, M.; Ma, S.; Tian, Y.; Kong, Q. Ultrasound/CT combined with serum CEA/CA19.9 in the diagnosis and prognosis of rectal cancer. J. BUON, 2018, 23(3), 592-597.
[76]
Gao, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhou, Y.; Sheng, S.; Qian, S.Y.; Huo, X. Evaluation of serum CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, CA125 and ferritin as diagnostic markers and factors of clinical parameters for colorectal cancer. Sci. Rep., 2018, 8(1), 2732.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21048-y] [PMID: 29426902]
[77]
Chen, Q.; Xia, H.W.; Ge, X.J.; Zhang, Y.C.; Tang, Q.L.; Bi, F. Serum miR-19a predicts resistance to FOLFOX chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer cases. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev., 2013, 14(12), 7421-7426.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.12.7421] [PMID: 24460313]
[78]
Butrym, A.; Rybka, J.; Baczyńska, D.; Poręba, R.; Mazur, G.; Kuliczkowski, K. Expression of microRNA-181 determines response to treatment with azacitidine and predicts survival in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. Oncol. Lett., 2016, 12(4), 2296-2300.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4970] [PMID: 27698792]
[79]
Knudsen, S.; Hother, C.; Grønbæk, K.; Jensen, T.; Hansen, A.; Mazin, W.; Dahlgaard, J.; Møller, M.B.; Ralfkiær, E.; Brown, P.N. Development and blind clinical validation of a microRNA based predictor of response to treatment with R-CHO(E)P in DLBCL. PLoS One, 2015, 10(2)e0115538
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115538] [PMID: 25692889]
[80]
Jiang, H.; Yu, W.W.; Wang, L.L.; Peng, Y. miR-130a acts as a potential diagnostic biomarker and promotes gastric cancer migration, invasion and proliferation by targeting RUNX3. Oncol. Rep., 2015, 34(3), 1153-1161.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4099] [PMID: 26134263]
[81]
Dong, W.; Li, B.; Wang, J.; Song, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Fu, C.; Zhang, P. Diagnostic and predictive significance of serum microRNA-7 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol. Rep., 2016, 35(3), 1449-1456.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4499] [PMID: 26708917]
[82]
Smerkova, K.; Hudcova, K.; Vlahova, V.; Vaculovicova, M.; Pekarik, V.; Masarik, M.; Adam, V.; Kizek, R. Label-free and amplification-free miR-124 detection in human cells. Int. J. Oncol., 2015, 46(2), 871-877.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2756] [PMID: 25405852]
[83]
Wei, J.; Wang, F.; Kong, L.Y.; Xu, S.; Doucette, T.; Ferguson, S.D.; Yang, Y.; McEnery, K.; Jethwa, K.; Gjyshi, O.; Qiao, W.; Levine, N.B.; Lang, F.F.; Rao, G.; Fuller, G.N.; Calin, G.A.; Heimberger, A.B. miR-124 inhibits STAT3 signaling to enhance T cell-mediated immune clearance of glioma. Cancer Res., 2013, 73(13), 3913-3926.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-4318] [PMID: 23636127]
[84]
Hatziapostolou, M.; Polytarchou, C.; Aggelidou, E.; Drakaki, A.; Poultsides, G.A.; Jaeger, S.A.; Ogata, H.; Karin, M.; Struhl, K.; Hadzopoulou-Cladaras, M.; Iliopoulos, D. An HNF4α-miRNA inflammatory feedback circuit regulates hepatocellular oncogenesis. Cell, 2011, 147(6), 1233-1247.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.043] [PMID: 22153071]
[85]
Sun, Y.; Ai, X.; Shen, S.; Lu, S. NF-κB-mediated miR-124 suppresses metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer by targeting MYO10. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(10), 8244-8254.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3135] [PMID: 25749519]
[86]
Li, F. Expression and correlation of miR-124 and miR-126 in breast cancer. Oncol. Lett., 2019, 17(6), 5115-5119.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10184] [PMID: 31186724]
[87]
Ueda, Y.; Ando, T.; Nanjo, S.; Ushijima, T.; Sugiyama, T. DNA methylation of microRNA-124a is a potential risk marker of colitis-associated cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis. Dig. Dis. Sci., 2014, 59(10), 2444-2451.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-014-3193-4] [PMID: 24825593]
[88]
De Vuyst, H.; Franceschi, S.; Plummer, M.; Mugo, NR.; Sakr, SR.; Meijer, C.J. Methylation levels of CADM1, MAL, and MIR124-2 in cervical scrapes for triage of HIV-Infected, high-risk HPV-positive women in kenya. J. Acquired Immune Defici. Syndromes (1999), 2015, 70(3), 311-318.
[89]
Deng, T.; Yuan, Y.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, C.; Yao, W.; Wang, C. Identification of circulating MiR-25 as a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Cell. Physiol. Biochem., 2016, 39(5), 1716-1722.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000447872]
[90]
Pilli, T.; Cantara, S.; Marzocchi, C.; Cardinale, S.; Santini, C.; Cevenini, G. Diagnostic value of circulating microRNA-95 and -190 in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules: A validation study in 1000 consecutive patients. Thyroid, 2017, 27(8), 1053-1057.
[91]
Calin, G.A.; Croce, C.M. MicroRNA-cancer connection: the beginning of a new tale. Cancer Res., 2006, 66(15), 7390-7394.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0800] [PMID: 16885332]