Abstract
In late 2019, a report from China was published stating a disease with an unknown cause.
After that, the outbreak of the COVID-19 caused a pandemic in the world. On March 11, 2020, the
outbreak of this virus was reported in 100 countries.
The virus is currently spreading rapidly around the world. In the past, coronaviruses caused lifethreatening
diseases such as SARS and MERS in some areas of the world. Although there is still a
debate about the origin of this new coronavirus, it is most likely linked with some animals, including
bats, civet, and pangolin. In this review, we try to describe the features of the new coronavirus as well
as the recent diagnostic and therapeutic findings.
Keywords:
COVID-19, diagnosis, treatment, coronavirus, pandemic, SARS-CoV-2.
Graphical Abstract
[18]
Wrapp, D.; Wang, N. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. 2020, 367(6483), 1260-1263.
[23]
Alemdar, E. Chronobiological Treatment Approach in COVID-19; 12(4), 988.
[29]
Organization, W.H. Laboratory testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected human cases: interim guidance, 2 March 2020; World Health Organization, 2020.
[41]
Ramsey, A.W.a.L. .Many of the coronavirus' most mysterious and
dangerous symptoms have one thing in common: blood clots. This
isn't solely a respiratory infection. 2020; , 1-13.
[42]
Bi, Q. Epidemiology and Transmission of COVID-19 in Shenzhen China: Analysis of 391 cases and 1,286 of their close contacts; MedRxiv, 2020, pp. 1-21.
[43]
Mo, P. Clinical characteristics of refractory COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2021, 73(11), e4208-13.
[52]
Yousefzadegan, S.; Rezaei, N. Case Report: Death Due to Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Three Brothers. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 2020. ,tpmd200240
[57]
Farahnak Assadi, M.D. chgeck this?
[60]
Chen, J. Individual variation of the SARS-CoV2 receptor ACE2 gene expression and regulation. Aging Cell, 2020, 19(7) ,e13168
[69]
Xu, Z. Nelfinavir was predicted to be a potential inhibitor of 2019-nCov main protease by an integrative approach combining homology modelling, molecular docking and binding free energy calculation. bioRxiv, 2020.
[73]
Wang, Y.; Zhang, D.; Du, G.; Du, R.; Zhao, J.; Jin, Y.; Fu, S.; Gao, L.; Cheng, Z.; Lu, Q.; Hu, Y.; Luo, G.; Wang, K.; Lu, Y.; Li, H.; Wang, S.; Ruan, S.; Yang, C.; Mei, C.; Wang, Y.; Ding, D.; Wu, F.; Tang, X.; Ye, X.; Ye, Y.; Liu, B.; Yang, J.; Yin, W.; Wang, A.; Fan, G.; Zhou, F.; Liu, Z.; Gu, X.; Xu, J.; Shang, L.; Zhang, Y.; Cao, L.; Guo, T.; Wan, Y.; Qin, H.; Jiang, Y.; Jaki, T.; Hayden, F.G.; Horby, P.W.; Cao, B.; Wang, C. Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial.
Lancet, 2020,
395(10236), 1569-1578.
[
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31022-9] [PMID:
32423584]
[78]
Hung, I.F-N.; Lung, K.C.; Tso, E.Y.; Liu, R.; Chung, T.W.; Chu, M.Y.; Ng, Y.Y.; Lo, J.; Chan, J.; Tam, A.R.; Shum, H.P.; Chan, V.; Wu, A.K.; Sin, K.M.; Leung, W.S.; Law, W.L.; Lung, D.C.; Sin, S.; Yeung, P.; Yip, C.C.; Zhang, R.R.; Fung, A.Y.; Yan, E.Y.; Leung, K.H.; Ip, J.D.; Chu, A.W.; Chan, W.M.; Ng, A.C.; Lee, R.; Fung, K.; Yeung, A.; Wu, T.C.; Chan, J.W.; Yan, W.W.; Chan, W.M.; Chan, J.F.; Lie, A.K.; Tsang, O.T.; Cheng, V.C.; Que, T.L.; Lau, C.S.; Chan, K.H.; To, K.K.; Yuen, K.Y. Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.
Lancet, 2020,
395(10238), 1695-1704.
[
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31042-4] [PMID:
32401715]
[98]
Cassese, E.C.; Farhart, C.E.; Miller, J.M. Gender differences in COVID-19 conspiracy theory beliefs. Polit. Gend., 2020, 1-12.
[103]
Xu, K. Management of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19): The zhejiang experience. J. Zhejiang Uni.(Medical Science),, 2020, 49(1), 147-157.