Abstract

Background: In a parallel processor, the pipeline cannot fetch the conditional instructions with the next clock cycle, leading to a pipeline stall. Therefore, conditional instructions create a problem in the pipeline because the proper path can only be known after the branch execution. To accurately predict branches, a significant predictor is proposed for the prediction of the conditional branch instruction.

Methods: In this paper, a single branch prediction and a correlation branch prediction scheme are applied to the different trace files by using the concept of saturating counters. Further, a hybrid branch prediction scheme is proposed, which uses both global and local branch information, providing more accuracy than the single and correlation branch prediction schemes.

Results: Firstly, a single branch prediction and correlation branch prediction technique are applied to the trace files using saturating counters. By comparison, it can be observed that a correlation branch prediction technique provides better results by enhancing the accuracy rate of 2.25% than the simple branch prediction. Further, a hybrid branch prediction scheme is proposed, which uses both global and local branch information, providing more accuracy than the single and correlation branch prediction schemes. The results suggest that the proposed hybrid branch prediction schemes provide an increased accuracy rate of 3.68% and 1.43% than single branch prediction and correlation branch prediction.

Conclusion: The proposed hybrid branch prediction scheme gives a lower misprediction rate and higher accuracy rate than the simple branch prediction scheme and correlation branch prediction scheme.

Keywords: Pipeline, branch prediction, static branch prediction, dynamic branch prediction, accuracy rate.