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Venoms and Toxins

Author(s): Bhavya Janardhan, Vineetha M. Shrikanth, Veena S. More, Govindappa Melappa, K.S. Ananthraju, Farhan Zameer and Sunil S. More*

DOI: 10.2174/2666121701999201216144752

Cite As
Inhibitory Effect of Carissa spinarum Linn Methanolic Leaf Extract Against Vipera russelli

Page: [85 - 93] Pages: 9

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Background: Carissa spinarum Linn has been used as a traditional medicine to treat various ailments, including snakebite. It is found in India, Ceylon and Thailand.

Objective: The study was performed to determine the inhibiting potential of Carissa spinarum methanolic leaf extract on the pharmacological effects of Viper venom.

Methods: The dose-dependent enzymatic studies, pharmacological and in vivo studies were conducted using standard methods.

Results: It neutralized toxic enzymes in a dose-dependent manner with concentrations ranging from 53.3 –1190.4 μg/mL, inhibited lysis of fibrinogen at 1:8 (venom: extract, w/w), and increased the procoagulant activity and lecithin lysis at 1:25 (venom: extract, w/w). The extract neutralized the LD50 of venom in mice and embryos, reduced haemorrhage, myotoxicity and edema induced by the venom in mice.

Conclusion: The observed results confirm that the leaf extract possesses adequate phytochemicals that could neutralize the toxic properties of the venom.

Keywords: In vivo, snake bite, haemorrhage, Vipera russelli, fibrinogenolysis, Carissa spinarum Linn.

Graphical Abstract

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