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Current Pharmaceutical Design

Author(s): Lakshmi A. Dave, Maria Hayes, Leticia Mora, Shane M. Rutherfurd, Carlos A. Montoya and Paul J. Moughan*

DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201207111209

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Bioactive Peptides Originating from Gastrointestinal Endogenous Proteins in the Growing Pig: In Vivo Identification

Page: [1382 - 1395] Pages: 14

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Abstract

Background: Recent in silico and in vitro studies have shown that gastrointestinal endogenous proteins (GEP) are a source of bioactive peptides. To date, however, the presence of such peptides in the lumen of the digestive tract has not been demonstrated.

Objective: We investigated the generation of GEP-derived bioactive peptides in the growing pig fed a proteinfree diet.

Methods: Stomach chyme (SC) and jejunal digesta (JD) fractions from 6 growing pigs (two sampling times) were assessed for their angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE-I; EC 3.4.15.1) inhibition, and antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and microsomal lipid peroxidation (MLP) inhibition assays.

Results: Two of the fractions prepared from JD samples inhibited ACE-I and DPPH by 81 (± 2.80)% and 94 (±0.66)%. SC fractions were found to inhibit MLP between 15-39 (±3.52-1.40)%. The study identified over 180 novel peptide sequences that were related to the determined bioactivities, including a porcine serum albuminderived peptide (FAKTCVADESAENCDKS), corresponding to f(7-23) of the human serum albumin peptide LVNEVTEFAKTCVADESAENCDKSLHTLF that was previously identified from the digests of the latter GEP.

Conclusion: This study provides the first in vivo evidence for GEP as a source of bioactive peptides. These new findings help advance our knowledge of the latent bioactive role of GEP-derived peptides in mammalian nutrition and health and their potential pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords: Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibition, antioxidant peptides, exogenous bioactive peptides, ferric reducing antioxidant power, gut non-dietary proteins, microsomal lipid peroxidation inhibition, non-dietary proteins, porcine model, serum albumin.

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