Abstract
Transfersomes are bilayer vesicles composed of phospholipid and edge activators, which are mostly
surfactant. Transfersomes based drug delivery system has gained a lot of interest of the pharmaceutical researchers
for their ability to improve drug penetration and permeation through the skin. Transdermal drug delivery via
transfersomes has the potential to overcome the challenge of low systemic availability. However, this complex
vesicular system has different issues to consider for developing a successful transdermal delivery system. One
of the major ingredients, phospholipid, has versatile sources and variable effect on the vesicle size and drug entrapment
in transfersomes. The other one, termed as edge activators or surfactant, has some crucial consideration
of skin damage and toxicity depending upon its type and concentration. A complex interaction between
type and concentration of phospholipid and surfactant was observed, which affect the physicochemical properties
of transfersomes. This review focuses on the practical factors related to these two major ingredients, such
as phospholipid and surfactant. The origin, purity, desired concentration, the susceptibility of degradation, etc.
are the important factors for selecting phospholipid. Regarding surfactants, the major aspects are type and desired
concentration. A successful development of transfersomes based drug delivery system depends on the
proper considerations of these factors and practical aspects.
Keywords:
Transfersomes, phospholipid, surfactant, edge activators, vesicle size, drug delivery.
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