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Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Author(s): Alberto M. Muñoz, Manuel J. Fragoso-Vázquez, Berenice P. Martel, Alma Chávez-Blanco, Alfonso Dueñas-González, José R.García-Sánchez, Martiniano Bello*, Aurelio Romero-Castro and José Correa-Basurto*

DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200423073812

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Targeting Breast Cancer Cells with G4 PAMAM Dendrimers and Valproic Acid Derivative Complexes

Page: [1857 - 1872] Pages: 16

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Abstract

Background: Our research group has developed some Valproic Acid (VPA) derivatives employed as anti-proliferative compounds targeting the HDAC8 enzyme. However, some of these compounds are poorly soluble in water.

Objective: Employed the four generations of Polyamidoamine (G4 PAMAM) dendrimers as drug carriers of these compounds to increase their water solubility for further in vitro evaluation.

Methods: VPA derivatives were subjected to Docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to evaluate their affinity on G4 PAMAM. Then, HPLC-UV/VIS, 1H NMR, MALDI-TOF and atomic force microscopy were employed to establish the formation of the drug-G4 PAMAM complexes.

Results: The docking results showed that the amide groups of VPA derivatives make polar interactions with G4 PAMAM, whereas MD simulations corroborated the stability of the complexes. HPLC UV/VIS experiments showed an increase in the drug water solubility which was found to be directly proportional to the amount of G4 PAMAM. 1H NMR showed a disappearance of the proton amine group signals, correlating with docking results. MALDI-TOF and atomic force microscopy suggested the drug-G4 PAMAM dendrimer complexes formation.

Discussion: In vitro studies showed that G4 PAMAM has toxicity in the micromolar concentration in MDAMB- 231, MCF7, and 3T3-L1 cell lines. VPA CF-G4 PAMAM dendrimer complex showed anti-proliferative properties in the micromolar concentration in MCF-7 and 3T3-L1, and in the milimolar concentration in MDAMB- 231, whereas VPA MF-G4 PAMAM dendrimer complex didn’t show effects on the three cell lines employed.

Conclusion: These results demonstrate that G4 PAMAM dendrimers are capableof transporting poorly watersoluble aryl-VPA derivate compounds to increase its cytotoxic activity against neoplastic cell lines.

Keywords: PAMAM dendrimers, breast cancer, HDAC inhibitors, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, HPLC, atomic force microscopy.

Graphical Abstract

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