Abstract

Background: Different experimental methods have been used to induce diabetes in animals. There are a number of anti-diabetic drug loaded nano-formulations with high therapeutic value that are used to target diabetes with high therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: From this review, various anti-hyperglycemic agents have been screened for their activity. The use of nano-formulation in diabetes treatment is considered due to the possibility of the incorporation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances.

Results: The clinical symptoms of diabetes are similar to those of hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria and these symptoms were produced in experimental animal models through various diabetogens. The treatment by using nano-formulation enhance the therapeutic efficacy due to an increase in high carrier capacity.

Conclusion: The characteristic features of the disease and pathological changes during disease in small animals (rats or mice) are similar to that of human beings. The use of synthetic as well as herbal drugs have shown greater therapeutic efficacy by encapsulating into nano drug delivery system.

Keywords: Diabetes, alloxan, streptozotocin, nanoformulation, efficacy, anti-diabetic.