Abstract

Background: Pharmacological treatment for alcohol dependence has only three approved drugs: disulfiram, naltrexone and acamprosate. The effects of these drugs are, however, limited, presenting several side effects and a modestly higher efficacy compared to placebo. The administration of omega-3 might bring new perspectives to relapse prevention.

Methods: This systematic review aimed to analyze the available literature, compiling the studies that used omega-3 to prevent relapse in alcohol dependents.

Results: The databases used were PubMed and Web of Science. We identified 2,231 studies and only five articles addressed the administration of omega-3 and alcoholism. Preclinical studies evaluating the effects of PUFAs related to chronic alcohol administration showed improvements in behavioral, cellular and molecular levels. The clinical trial yielded inconclusive results.

Conclusion: Despite the reduced number of studies, omega-3 interventions seem to be promising for controlling issues related to alcohol dependence.

Keywords: PUFAs, omega-3, ethanol, relapse, treatment, craving.