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Current Drug Targets

Author(s): Matteo Santoni, Daniel Y.C. Heng, Gaetano Aurilio, Andrea Iozzelli, Lucilla Servi, Andrea Fabiani, Massimo Giannini, Roberta Mazzucchelli, Alessia Cimadamore, Marina Scarpelli, Mohamed S. Zaghloul, Nicola Battelli and Rodolfo Montironi*

DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666191017113051

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Combining Radiotherapy with Immunocheckpoint Inhibitors or CAR-T in Renal Cell Carcinoma

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Abstract

Radiotherapy is considered a second life in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients, mainly due to the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-Programmed-death (PD)-1, alone or in combination with anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen (CTLA)-4. Several trials are investigating the efficacy/safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in sequential or combined strategies with radiotherapy. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells therapy as a promising approach in cancer patients has opened the way to novel possibilities of integrating therapies. The identification of biomarkers of tumor response to these combinations represents a challenge in RCC, together with the research for the best partner for immunotherapy in metastatic patients. In this review we illustrated preclinical/clinical data on the integration of radiotherapy with immunocheckpoint inhibitors or CART cells in RCC.

Keywords: CAR-T cells, immunocheckpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy, programmed-death-1, radiation therapy, renal cell carcinoma.

Graphical Abstract

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