Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) are important cell cycle regulators. The CDKI
family is composed of the INK4 family and the CIP/KIP family. p19INK4d belongs to the INK4 gene
family and is involved in a series of normal physiological activities and the pathogenesis of diseases.
Many factors play regulatory roles in the p19INK4d gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional
levels. p19INK4d not only regulates the cell cycle but also plays regulatory roles in apoptosis,
DNA damage repair, cell differentiation of hematopoietic cells, and cellular senescence. In this review,
the regulatory network of the p19INK4d gene expression and its biological functions are summarized,
which provides a basis for further study of p19INK4d as a drug target for disease treatment.
Keywords:
CDKI, p19INK4d, expression regulation, biological function, INK4, CIP/KIP.
Graphical Abstract
[7]
Truman AW, Kitazono AA, Fitz Gerald JN, et al. Cell Cycle: Regulation by Cyclins 2012.
[12]
Roskoski R Jr. Cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitors as anticancer drugs 2019; 139: 471-88.
[15]
Kent LN, Leone G. The retinoblastoma protein is phosphorylated during specific phases of the cell cycle. Cell 2019; 58(6): 1097-5.
[18]
Doherty JR, Nilsson LM, Kuliyev E, et al. Embryonic Expression and Function of the Xenopus Ink4d Cyclin D-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2014; 3(1): 133.
[40]
Smakowska E, Czarna M, Janska H. Mitochondrion JHJ. Mitochondrial ATP-dependent proteases in protection against accumulation of carbonylated proteins. Mitochondrion 2014; 245-51.
[47]
O’Farrell AM, Parry DA, Zindy F, et al. Stat3-dependent induction of p19INK4D by IL-10 contributes to inhibition of macrophage proliferation. J Immunol 2000; 164(9): 4607-15.