Assistive Technologies and Artificial Intelligence for Visually Impaired: Investigating Ongoing Issues and Challenges

Nowadays, assistive technologies facilitate visually impaired people a lot. However, they still face many challenges in their daily lives, such as the perception of rich visual information around their adjacent environment. Several assistive technology-based solutions have adopted Artificial Intelligence (AI) which offers instant information of nearby visible things, objects, and persons to visually impaired people. Visually impaired people can also easily access online communication with emerging solutions using AI and perform numerous daily routine tasks. This paper presents a review of AI's role in visually impaired and solving their everyday life problem intelligently. A detailed analysis of assistive technologies and smartphonebased solutions for the visually impaired is presented, highlighting the need for technological enrichments and AI-based interventions for them. Furthermore, some challenges were addressed which faced by the visually impaired during the use of AIbased solutions. Additionally, the usefulness and limitations of the recent assistive solution are presented. Lastly, future research endeavors are introduced, which may help researchers and developers propose some innovative solutions.

Keywords: Adaptive feedback, Artificial Intelligence, Assistive, Auditory, Character recognition, Development, Emerging solution, Environment, Fingersized, Information, Interventions, Innovation, Interfaces, Learning, Navigation, Smartphone, Technologies, Training, Visual, Visually impaired.