Abstract

Background: With the applications of wireless sensor network technology, threedimensional node location technology is crucial. The process of node localization has some disadvantages, such as the uneven distribution of anchor nodes and the high cost of the network. Therefore, the mobile anchor nodes are introduced to effectively solve accurate positioning.

Objective: Considering the estimated distance error, the received signal strength indication technology is used to optimize the measurement of the distance. At the same time, dynamic stiffness planning is introduced to increase virtual anchor nodes. The bird swarm algorithm is also used to solve the optimal location problem of nodes.

Method: Firstly, the dynamic path is introduced to increase the number of virtual anchor nodes. At the same time, the improved RSSI distance measurement technology is introduced to the node localization. Then, an intelligent three-dimensional node localization algorithm based on dynamic path planning is proposed. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with similar algorithms through simulation experiments.

Results: Simulation results show that the node coordinates obtained by the proposed algorithm are more accurate, and the node positioning accuracy is improved. The execution time and network coverage of the algorithm are better than similar algorithms.

Conclusion: The proposed algorithm significantly improves the accuracy of node positioning. However, the traffic of the algorithm is increased. A little increase in traffic in exchange for positioning accuracy is worthy of recognition. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is robust and can be implemented and promoted in the future.

Keywords: Dynamic path planning, received signal strength indication, bird swarm algorithm, Variation factor, mobile anchor node group, average positioning error, intelligent optimization.

Graphical Abstract